Urgent Cares of Patients Suspicious for Central Nervous System Infection
HamidReza
Naderi
1- Associate professor of Infectious Disease, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad Taher
Khatibzadeh
2- Resident of Infectious Disease, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mehdi
Jabbari Noghabi
3- Assistant professor of Statistics, Ferdowsy University of , Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Regarding the severity of central nervous system infections and their considerable mortality and morbidity, it seemed necessary to re-assess the accuracy of the management of patients with CNS infection, whether the requested action and the prescribed drugs, as if they were timely and correctly sequenced.
Materials and Methods
In this prospective study, patients with suspected central nervous system infection admitted to Imam Reza Hospital, from October 2011 until October 2012, went to the regular and systematic review. Sample size calculations were based on an estimated 108 people, and the information required was completed on the designed questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed statistically.
Results
Data analysis in this study showed that the average time from admission to the initial visit by a physician was about 9 minutes, and requesting an infectious diseases specialist visit took on average 55 minutes. It took 154 minutes to actual specialist visit and 15.6 hours up to perform lumbar puncture (LP). The average time between performing LP and obtaining the results of CSF analysis was 5.5 hours.
Conclusion
The data indicated that the average length of time in this study was longer than the other studies, thus it implied either empirical antibiotic therapy should be started immediately for all patients with suspected CNS infection before any diagnostic approach, which does not seem much logical and scientific, or should it be based on a protocol agreement accepted by both the Departments of Emergency Medicine and Infectious Diseases.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
193
203
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1755_e711f94f42836a48fb4086c164376089.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1755
Evaluating the Impact of Education via Pamphlet on the Medication Errors of Last year Medical Students
Gholamhossein
Kazemzadeh
Associate professor of vascular surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Abdolkarim
Hamedi
Professor of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Infection control & hand hygine research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Farnaz
Banejad Janatti
General physician,
Vascular & endovascular surgery research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Medication errors are considered as the most common medical errors. Some of these errors are related to the mistake in dosage prescription and number and duration of drug usage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the educational intervention-pamphlets of common medication on the accuracy of medical intern students in prescription.
Materials and Methods
In this interventional study, 94 interns from pediatrics, surgery, and internal sections entered to the study and were randomly divided in to two groups; without pamphlet (control group) and with pamphlet (case group). The test was obtained using the questionnaire before and after the intervention. The accuracy of prescription was determined by paired t test, before and after the test and by independent t test between the groups.
Results
Educational intervention as pamphlet had positive effects in all studied sections of internal, surgery and pediatrics. The final mean scores of interns after the intervention in groups of without and with pamphlets were 37.64±15.21 Vs 50.52±15.80 (P=0.018), 69.37±9.46 Vs 85±8.66 (P<0.001) and 34.61±12.15 Vs 35.83±7.63 (P=0.76) in internal, pediatric and surgery sections, respectively.
Conclusion
Use of the educational pamphlets have effective role in accuracy of interns prescription.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
204
210
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1756_d4bf2c5c7929a74ff08792f041057864.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1756
The Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic Training and Green Tea Supplementation on Body Fat Percentage and Serum Lipid Profiles in Obese and Overweight Women
Amir Hossein
Haghighi
Associate Professor in exercise physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
author
Marzieh
Yaghoubi
M.Sc in exercise physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
author
Seyed Ali Reza
Hosseini kakhk
Associate Professor in exercise physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training and green tea supplementation on body fat percentage and serum lipid profiles in obese and overweight women.
Materials and Methods
A total of twenty obese & overweight females volunteered and were randomly divided in to two groups: experimental group (11 subjects with means of age 38.54 ± 9.44 years, weight 70.68 ± 7.30 kg) and control group (9 subjects with means of age 40 ± 7.51 years, weight 76.22 ± 5.78 kg). Experimental group performed aerobic training and used green tea supplementation for eight weeks. Aerobic training was three sessions in the week and each session was 45 min with 65% - 80% intensity of maximal heart rate. A total of 9 grams Green tea supplementation was used for three times per day. Before and after the exercise period, total data was gathered concerning questionnaire completion of physical activity and diet and taking blood sample. The data were analyzed, using the Kulomograf-smirnof, paired sample T-test, and independent sample T-test.
Results
Combination of aerobic training and green tea supplementation, caused a significant decrease in weight and body fat percentage (P < 0/05), but there was no significant effect on indices of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C.
Conclusion
Obese and overweight women can loss body weight and body fat percentage by using aerobic training and green tea supplementation. However, dertermining positive effect of aerobic training and green tea supplementation on serum lipid profiles needs further investigation.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
211
218
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1757_8c10472a33b724e41507247aeecc3fb2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1757
Cross Sectional Prevalence of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder in Children with Epilepsy
Akram
Jamshidifar
Student of Ma in Child clinical psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
author
Siavash
Talepasand
Associate professorof psychology, Faculty of psychology and education, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and epilepsy are both among common childhood disorders. Children with epilepsy are at a high risk for symptoms of ADHD. The purpose of the current study was to explore the prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes in children suffering from idiopathic epilepsy.
Materials and Methods
The participants were 55 voluntary children with idiopathic epilepsy (29 boys and 26 girls) who went to Semnan Amir al’momenin hospital and Mashhad Ghaem hospital from December 2011 to June 2012. Criteria for entering this study included having age of 7 to 16 years old, diagnosis of epilepsy by neurology specialist and considering his/her dossier, seizures began at least 1 year ago and, outgoing criteria included to have one of psychiatric disorders (brain paralysis, autism,..), mental retardation (IQ<85). Parents of participants have completed the SNAP-IV questionnaire - Parent versions.
Results
The findings showed that the prevalence of ADHD was 21.8% in epilepsy children. Prevalence of subtypes was 9.1%, 7.3% and 5.5% for inattentive, the hyperactive and combined types, respectively. The hyperactive type was more prevalent in generalized epilepsy and the combined type in partial epilepsy. In addition, the combined type was accompanied by various drugs in order to control the epilepsy. Sex and educational level didn’t have a moderating role.
Conclusion
High prevalence of ADHD in children suffered from epilepsy necessitates the attention to medical interventions and prevention programs.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
219
225
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1758_e3ec655faf5006cbb3fab6bd53a3fca3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1758
Investigation of Dietary Patterns, Healthy Eating Index and Traditional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in 35-65 Years Old Adults of Mashhad
Mohammad
Safarian
Assistant Professor of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2- MSc in Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mona sadat
Shojaeizadeh
MSc in Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Majid
Ghayour-Mobarhan
Associate professor of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Habibollah
Esmailie
Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohsen
Nematy
Assistant Professor of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Amirreza
Razavi
Assistant Professor of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death around the world. Diet and nutrition play an important role in health and preventing from these diseases. Because dietary patterns have an important role in progression of CVD risk factors, we decided to explore dietary patterns and cardiovascular diseases risk factors of Mashhad city’s people.
Materials and Methods
With the use of food-frequency questionnaire data from MASHAD Study, dietary patterns of healthy Mashhad’s adults (35-65 y old; n=1500) were identified by factor analysis and cardiovascular disease risk factors were investigated across the quintiles of dietary patterns.
Results
Two major dietary patterns were extracted: mixed and westernized. The mixed pattern was characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, chicken, seafoods, legumes and dairy products. The westernized pattern was characterized by high intakes of fast foods, soft drinks, red meat, coffee, french fries, tea, snacks and nuts. Weight, BMI and WC increased across the quintiles of both patterns while total cholesterol and LDL-c increased across the quintiles of westernized dietary pattern. HEI score was greater across the quintiles of mixed dietary pattern.
Conclusion
These dietary patterns were weakly associated with cardiovascular diseases’s risk factors. On the other hand these dietary patterns identified were based on the real food intakes of healthy people and they were not representative of ideal dietary patterns, we need to assess different passes that mediated the relation between dietary patterns and cardiovascular diseases’s risk factors other than traditional risk factors.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
226
235
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1759_ef3c1f586e2e8b45fb1c8ce7604ef11c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1759
Ultrasound as a Secondary Confirmation Method after Endotracheal Intubation
Kurosh
Ahmadi
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
author
Elham
pishbin
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mahsan
Ramezani
Resident of Emergency Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohsen
Ebrahimi
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Beside assessment by physical examination a device also should be used to confirm the correct position of endotracheal tube immediately after intubation. Recent studies have shown that ultrasound can be a used to detect diaphragmatic motion as an indirect sign of endotracheal intubation. Our objective was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for verification of tube position after intubation and to evaluate whether ultrasound could be used as a usefull method for secondary confirmation of tube position.
Materials and Methods
Ultrasound imaging was performed immediately after intubation for each patient. Scanning window was in right lower chest where the right lateral part of diaphragm could be imaged just on top of the liver. Then a second laryngoscopy was performed by the means of a glydoscope and tube position was assessed under direct visualization. Sensitivity, specificity and agreement between 2 methods were calculated.
Results
Overall 100 patients with a mean age of 67.1 ± 16.6 [SD] years were included in the study. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for correct tracheal intubation was 97% and 100% respectively. Agreement between ultrasound and glydoscope in assessment of tube position was 0.713 which indicated that there was an acceptable agreement between the 2 methods. We successfully identified all 4 esophageal intubations and 9 tracheal intubations which had been positioned down in to the right main bronchus.
Conclusion
Diaphragmatic ultrasound is a rapid, noninvasive and useful method for assessment of endotracheal tube position.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
236
242
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1760_73898ff5f68aaccb5650ca301e8204a9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1760
Evaluation of Relation between the Human Stature and Long Bones with Radiography Images
Samira
Rasaneh
Assistant professor of Radioisotope Department, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
, Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Farsinejad
Specialist of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Adult stature represents fundamental biological characteristics of individuals and populations. Stature estimation from skeletal dimensions is one of the essential parameters in the establishment of an individual identity. In this study, Relative parameters of ulna and tibia bones were measured with radiography and used to establish the mathematical models for stature estimation of Iranian adults (from 20 to 40 years old) in Tehran Province.
Materials and Methods
The radiography of ulna and tibia bones of 49 male and 52 female adult individuals were taken on normal position and the lengths between relative landmarks were measured. The body height of each subject was recorded. Linear regression equations for stature estimation between body height and the lengths of ulna and tibia bones were established.
Results
The mean stature of men and women estimated 171 ± 3.6 and160 ± 3.6 the mean length of tibia and ulna in menwere 43.6 ± 0.4 and 27.3 ± 0.6 and in women 40 ± 1.8 and 25 ± 0.74 single linear regression equations and 2 multiple regression equations were obtained.
Conclusion
These equations could be used to estimate the body height of Tehranian population aged from 20 to 40. The lengths of the ulna and tibia bones measured on the Radiography films could be useful to stature estimation of the personal forensic identification.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
243
246
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1761_d00430e5e42a7e690cb783161287c715.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1761
Inhibitory effect of electroporation and silver nanoprticles on the growth of leishmania major promastigotes: Influence of pulse duration
Khadije
Mayelifar
- Msc of Medical Physics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ameneh
Sazgarnia
Associate Professor of Medical Physics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Sajedeh
Yadegari Dehkordi
Msc of Medical Physics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Hossien
Eshghi
Associate Professor of chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Neda
Attaran
PhD Candidate of chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Samaneh
Soudmand Salarabadi
Bachlor of Laboratory Sciences, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
author
text
article
2013
per
Introduction
Cutaneous Leshmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease which is caused by different flagellated protozoan species of leishmania. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electroporation on leishmania major promastigotes using different pulse durations in the presence of silver nanoparticles (SNP).
Materials and Methods
Promastigotes of L. major were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FCS at 27°C. The promastigote suspension with a concentration of 40´106 parasite/ml was prepared. It was incubated in the presence of SNP of 6 nm in two various concentrations. By an ECM 830 electroporator device 8 electrical pulses were applied in four duration widths of 50, 100, 150 and 200 microseconds with an electrical field magnitude of 2500 V/cm and a frequency of 1 Hz. Then 24 hrs later the percentage of promatigote survival was measured in each sample by the MTS method in order to determine the IC50 of SNPs and also the effect of certain electrical pulses in the presence and absence of SNPs.
Results
It seems that in the presence of SNPs at 24 micromolar concentration, the contribution of electrical pulses with a duration of 150 microseconds and an electrical field magnitude of 2500 V/cm was successful in reducing the proliferation rate of promastigotes (p<0.004).
Conclusion
Electrical pulses in the presence of SNPs can lead to a significant decrease in parasite survival rate.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
1735-4013
56
v.
4
no.
2013
247
254
https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_1762_37a12f446769d38c444be8bfa21f4fee.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2013.1762