اثر توان بخشی شناختی برکارکرد های اجرایی (تصمیم گیری و انعطاف پذیری ، کنترل هیجان) کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه و بیش فعالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی سلامت، واحد بین المللی خرمشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرمشهر، ایران

2 گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول)

3 گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه / بیش فعالی نوعی اختلال عصبی رشدی با سه ویژگی توصیفی کمبود توجه / بیش فعالی و تکانشگری است. این علائم اغلب در یک یا چند زمینه، بخصوص حوزه های شناختی در سطوح توجه و تصمیم گیری و انعطاف پذیری اختلالاتی ایجاد می کند. هدف مطالعه حاضر، بررسی اثر توان بخشی شناختی برکارکرد های اجرایی (انعطاف پذیری یا کنترل هیجانی و تصمیم گیری) کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه و بیش فعالی می باشد.
روش کار: پژوهش حاضر از نوع شبه آزمایشی با طرح کار آزمایی بالینی پیش آزمون / پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود.30 کودک دارای این اختلال 7-9 سال ، در سال 1398در کلینیک مشاوره آمورش و پرورش ناحیه 1 شیراز ، با استفاده از آزمون 4- CSI و آزمون هوش ریون تشخیص گذاری ویکسان سازی شده و با نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به طورتصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند . گروه ازمایش ، ده جلسه ی یک ساعته ،هر هفته دو ساعت ،تحت مداخله توان بخشی شناختی قرار گرفتند . متغیر انعطاف پذیری (کنترل هیجان) و متغیر تصمیم گیری با آزمونهای ویسکانسین و بریف بررسی شد.
نتایج: یافته هانشان می دهد کارکردهای اجرایی (انعطاف پذیری, کنترل هیجان ,تصمیم گیری ) در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون در کودکان ADHDتفاوت معنادار وجود دارد (P<0/001.).
نتیجه‌گیری به نظر می‌رسد توان بخشی شناختی بر بهبود عملکردهای اجرایی (تصمیم گیری و انعطاف پدیری، کنترل هیجان) کودکان ADHD موثر است و جایگزینی مناسب با داروهای روان محرک در کودکان با این اختلال است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of cognitive rehabilitation on executive functions (decision-making, flexibility, emotion control) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elahe Yavari Barhaghtalab 1
  • parviz asgari 2
  • Farah Naderi 3
  • Alireza Heydarie 3
1 Department of Health Psychology, Khorramshahr International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran.
2 Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. (Corresponding Author)
3 Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental neurological disorder that is described by three main characteristics: Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Impulsivity. The symptoms often create impairments in one or more major areas of the person’s life, especially in those cognitive areas that require levels of attention and concentration ، decision making and flexibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cognitive rehabilitation on executive functions (decision making, flexibility, emotion control) in children with ADHD.
Methods: The present study is a semi experimental study, designed with pre-test / post-test clinical trial and a control group. It was diagnosed and matched with the Raven Intelligence Test using the CSI-4 Diagnostic Test and selected by purposive sampling. Sample was randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. Children in the Experimental group were given 10 one hourly sessions of rehabilitation program each week .Response inhibition was measured using Wisconsin and Planned with Bariff test.
Results: Pre and Post test scores were significantly different in measures of executive functions (both decision making, flexibility, emotion control) in children with ADHD (P <0/001).
Conclusion: Training on cognitive rehabilitation appears to be effective in improving the executive functions (decision making, flexibility, emotional) of children with ADHD and can be offered as an appropriate replacement against the effects of psycho stimulants medications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive Rehabilitation
  • Decision Making
  • Flexibility
  • Emotion Control
  • ADHD Children
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