Introduction: The long-term success of dental implants depends on the process of osseointegration. The application of stem cells as a novel tissue engineering approach has demonstrated considerable potential for accelerating and enhancing this process. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of stem cells in promoting peri-implant osseointegration.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central databases up to 2026. Interventional studies (including in vivo studies and clinical trials) investigating the effects of different types of stem cells on peri-implant bone formation and bone density were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool.

Results: Among the identified records, 15 studies met the eligibility criteria. The findings indicated that the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), particularly when combined with biological scaffolds, significantly increased the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) compared with the control groups and reduced the time required before implant loading.

Conclusion: Stem cell-based therapies appear to be an effective strategy for accelerating peri-implant osseointegration. However, due to the heterogeneity of cell isolation and transplantation protocols, further large-scale, standardized human clinical trials are required to confirm their clinical efficacy and safety.