The effect of green tea supplement on some metabolic indicators and body composition after eight weeks of moderate intensity rhythmic aerobic exercise in obese women

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Sport Medicine Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Exercising with herbal supplements is recommended as an important way to control and prevent obesity. The aim of the study was to evaluate 8 weeks moderate intensity rhythmicaerobic exercise with green tea supplementation on some of metabolic and body composition indices of obese women.
Materials and Methods: In the semi-experimental study, 30 inactive obese women, purposefully, based on body mass index (BMI) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 people. They were rhythmic aerobic exercise with green tea supplement group (Experimental1, BMI:35.69±2.28 kg/m2), rhythmic aerobic exercise group (Experimental2, BMI:36.18±2.25 kg/m2) and control group (BMI:34.65±3.02 kg/m2). The rhythmic aerobic exercise protocol was performed 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week for both experimental groups. The supplement group received one capsule containing 500 mg of green tea daily. Metabolic and body composition indices were measured in pre-test and post-test stages. Paired t-tests, covariance analysis and bonferroni post hoc test were used for data analysis (p<0.05).
Results: Eight weeks of rhythmicaerobic exercise with and without green tea supplement led to significant decrease (p<0.05) in body weight and BMI (both of them respectivly 3%,2%), waist circumference(respectivly 4%,1%), serum glucose(respectively 7%,5%), triglyceride (respectively 11%,4%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (respectivly 25%,9%).
Conclusions: However, rhythmic aerobic exercise improved body composition and serum levels of triglycerides, glucose and MDA in obese women; rhythmic aerobic exercise with green tea supplement had a more significant effect on the waist circumference, serum levels of triglyceride and MDA.

Keywords

References

  1. Hamjane N, Benyahya F, Mechita MB, Nourouti NG, Barakat A. The complications of overweight and obesity
    according to obesity indicators (body mass index and waist circumference values) in a population of Tangier (Northern
    Morocco): a cross-sectional study. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2019;13(4):2619-24.
    2. Mehrzad R. Definition and introduction to epidemiology of obesity. Obesity: Elsevier; 2020. p. 1-6.
    3. Breban S, Chappard C, Jaffre C, Benhamou C-L. Hypoleptinaemia in extreme body mass models: the case of
    international rugby players. Journal of science and medicine in sport. 2010;13(5):479-84.
    4. Van Dijk G, Van Heijningen S, Reijne AC, Nyakas C, van der Zee EA, Eisel UL. Integrative neurobiology of
    metabolic diseases, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Frontiers in neuroscience. 2015;9:173.
    5. Xing L, Zhang H, Qi R, Tsao R, Mine Y. Recent advances in the understanding of the health benefits and
    molecular mechanisms associated with green tea polyphenols. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.
    2019;67(4):1029-43.
    6. Nielsen F, Mikkelsen BB, Nielsen JB, Andersen HR, Grandjean P. Plasma malondialdehyde as biomarker for
    oxidative stress: reference interval and effects of life-style factors. Clinical chemistry. 1997;43(7):1209-14.
    7. Robertson RP. Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells
    in diabetes. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2004;279(41):42351-4.
    8. Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, Iwaki M, Yamada Y, Nakajima Y, et al. Increased oxidative stress in
    obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2017;114(12):1752-61.
    9. Sankhla M, Sharma TK, Mathur K, Rathor JS, Butolia V, Gadhok AK, et al. Relationship of oxidative stress
    with obesity and its role in obesity induced metabolic syndrome. Clinical laboratory. 2012;58(5-6):385-92.
    10. Powers SK, Deminice R, Ozdemir M, Yoshihara T, Bomkamp MP, Hyatt H. Exercise-induced oxidative stress:
    Friend or foe? Journal of sport and health science. 2020.
    11. Radak Z, Taylor AW. Exercise and hormesis. The Science of Hormesis in Health and Longevity: Elsevier; 2019.
    p. 63-73.
    12. Kianbakht S. A review on medicinal plants used in treatment of obesity and overweight. Journal of medicinal
    plants. 2010;9(36):1-217.
    13. Nieman DC, Lila MA, Gillitt ND. Immunometabolism: a multi-omics approach to interpreting the influence of
    exercise and diet on the immune system. Annual review of food science and technology. 2019;10:341-63.
    14. Zhao B. Antioxidant effects of green tea polyphenols. Chinese science bulletin. 2003;48(4):315-9.
    15. Benzie IF, Szeto Y. Total antioxidant capacity of teas by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay. Journal of
    agricultural and food chemistry. 1999;47(2):633-6.
  2. 16. Kawase M, Wang R, Shiomi T, SAIJO R, Yagi K. Antioxidative activity of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-(3 ″-Omethyl) gallate isolated from fresh tea leaf and preliminary results on its biological activity. Bioscience, biotechnology,
    and biochemistry. 2000;64(10):2218-20.
    17. Farzaei MH, Bahramsoltani R, Abbasabadi Z, Braidy N, Nabavi SM. Role of green tea catechins in prevention
    of age‐related cognitive decline: pharmacological targets and clinical perspective. Journal of cellular physiology.
    2019;234(3):2447-59.
    18. Erba D, Riso P, Bordoni A, Foti P, Biagi PL, Testolin G. Effectiveness of moderate green tea consumption on
    antioxidative status and plasma lipid profile in humans. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 2005;16(3):144-9.
    19. Cardoso GA, Salgado JM, Cesar MdC, Donado-Pestana CM. The effects of green tea consumption and resistance
    training on body composition and resting metabolic rate in overweight or obese women. Journal of medicinal food.
    2013;16(2):120-7.
    20. Hill AM, Coates AM, Buckley JD, Ross R, Thielecke F, Howe PR. Can EGCG reduce abdominal fat in obese
    subjects? Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2007;26(4):396S-402S.
    21. Amozadeh H, Shabani R, Nazari M. The effect of aerobic training and green tea supplementation on cardio
    metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese females: a randomized trial. International journal of endocrinology and
    metabolism. 2018;16(4), e60738.
    22. Sabzevari Rad R, Fasihi-Ramandi E, Khaksar Boldaji D. The Effect of 8-Weeks of Aerobic Training and Green
    Tea Supplementation on Aerobic Capacity, Body Mass Index and Fat Percentage in Obese and Overweight Officers
    Students. Journal Mil Med. 2020;22(4):131-40.
    23. Jówko E, Sacharuk J, Balasińska B, Ostaszewski P, Charmas M, Charmas R. Green tea extract supplementation
    gives protection against exercise-induced oxidative damage in healthy men. Nutrition research. 2011;31(11):813-21.
    24. Morillas-Ruiz J, García JV, López F, Vidal-Guevara M, Zafrilla P. Effects of polyphenolic antioxidants on
    exercise-induced oxidative stress. Clinical Nutrition. 2006;25(3):444-53.
    25. Shahidi F, Shakeri C, Delfani Z. The effect of eight weeks interval aerobic exercise and consumption of green
    tea supplementation on oxidative stress indices of inactive young girls. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2019;25(11):72-
    84.
    26. Afzalpour ME, Ghasemi E, Zarban A. Effects of an intensive resistant training sessions and green tea
    supplementation on malondialdehyde and total thiol in non-athlete women. 2014;16(3),59-63
    27. Hafeznia M. An introduction to the research methodology in humanities: Gora Publishers; 1996.
    28. Yi DY, Kim SC, Lee JH, Lee EH, Kim JY, Kim YJ, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and
    treatment of pediatric obesity: recommendations from the Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of
    Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition. Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition. 2019;22(1):1.
    29. Zolfaghari F, Amir Hossein H, Mohammadreza H. The effect of two different doses of green tea on substrate
    metabolism and energy expenditure before, during and after one session of aerobic exercise in overweight and obese
    women. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2018;61(3):985-96.
    30. Baumgartner TA, Jackson AS. Measurement for evaluation in physical education and exercise science:
    WCB/McGraw-Hill; 1998.
    31. Boutouyrie P, Bussy C, Lacolley P, Girerd X, Laloux B, Laurent S. Association between local pulse pressure,
    mean blood pressure, and large-artery remodeling. Circulation. 1999;100(13):1387-93.
    32. Dede ND, Ipekci S, Kebapcilar L, Arslan M, Kurban S, Yildiz M, et al., editors. Effect of aerobic exercise
    training on serum malondialdehyde level and quality of life in type 2 diabetes. 20th European congress of endocrinology;
    2018: BioScientifica.
    33. Ghahremani Moghadam M, Hejazi K. Effects of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Markers of Oxidative
    Stress in Elderly Women. Medical Laboratory Journal. 2018;12(3):17-23. eng.
    34. Radovanović D, Stankovic N, Ponorac N, Nurkic M, Bratic M. Oxidative stress in young judokas: Effects of
    four week pre-competition training period. Archives of Budo. 2012.
    35. Gondim OS, de Camargo VTN, Gutierrez FA, de Oliveira Martins PF, Passos MEP, Momesso CM, et al.
    Benefits of regular exercise on inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers in normal weight, overweight and obese
    adults. PloS one. 2015;10(10):e0140596.
    36. Goto C, Higashi Y, Kimura M, Noma K, Hara K, Nakagawa K, et al. Effect of different intensities of exercise
    on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans: role of endothelium-dependent nitric oxide and oxidative stress.
    Circulation. 2003;108(5):530-5.
    37. Jówko E, Długołęcka B, Makaruk B, Cieśliński I. The effect of green tea extract supplementation on exerciseinduced oxidative stress parameters in male sprinters. European journal of nutrition. 2015;54(5):783-91.
    38. Rahimi R, Falahi Z. Effect of green tea extract on exercise-induced oxidative stress in obese men: a randomized,
    double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017;8(2), e55438.
  3. 39. Jówko E, Sacharuk J, Balasinska B, Wilczak J, Charmas M, Ostaszewski P, et al. Effect of a single dose of green
    tea polyphenols on the blood markers of exercise-induced oxidative stress in soccer players. International journal of sport
    nutrition and exercise metabolism. 2012;22(6):486-96.
    40. Khosravi S, Tadibi V, Sheikholeslami Vatan D. The acute effect of green tea supplementation on oxidative and
    antioxidant indices after resistance exercise at moderate and high intensities in trained wrestlers men. Journal of Practical
    Studies of Biosciences in Sport.2019;7(14):141-152.
    41. Henning SM, Niu Y, Lee NH, Thames GD, Minutti RR, Wang H, et al. Bioavailability and antioxidant activity
    of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. The American journal of
    clinical nutrition. 2004;80(6):1558-64.
    42. Wang Y, Ho C-T. Polyphenolic chemistry of tea and coffee: a century of progress. Journal of agricultural and
    food chemistry. 2009;57(18):8109-14.
    43. Shixian Q, VanCrey B, Shi J, Kakuda Y, Jiang Y. Green tea extract thermogenesis-induced weight loss by
    epigallocatechin gallate inhibition of catechol-O-methyltransferase. Journal of medicinal food. 2006;9(4):451-8.
    44. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology (Guyton physiology). Saunders. 2000.
    45. Fathei M, Khairabadi S, Ramezani F, Hejazi K. Effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and green tea
    supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in inactive overweight women. The Horizon of Medical Sciences.
    2016;22(4):283-9.
    46. Vakili J, Hosseinpour L. The effect of 8 weeks exercise training along with green tea consumption on the
    cardiovascular risk factors in obese women. Journal of Practical Studies of Biosciences in Sport. 2015;3(5), 78-88.
    47. Lambers S, Van Laethem C, Van Acker K, Calders P. Influence of combined exercise training on indices of
    obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2008;22(6):483-92.
    48. Nagao T, Komine Y, Soga S, Meguro S, Hase T, Tanaka Y, et al. Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a
    reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. The American journal of clinical nutrition.
    2005;81(1):122-9.
    49. Tanaka Y, Tran POT, Harmon J, Robertson RP. A role for glutathione peroxidase in protecting pancreatic β cells
    against oxidative stress in a model of glucose toxicity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
    2002;99(19):12363-8.
    50. Gregory JM, Muldowney JA, Engelhardt BG, Tyree R, Marks-Shulman P, Silver HJ, et al. Aerobic exercise
    training improves hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity, but reduces splanchnic glucose uptake in obese humans with
    type 2 diabetes. Nutrition & diabetes. 2019;9(1):1-12.
    51. Xu R, Bai Y, Yang K, Chen G. Effects of green tea consumption on glycemic control: a systematic review and
    meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition & Metabolism. 2020;17(1):1-13.
    52. Holten MK, Zacho M, Gaster M, Juel C, Wojtaszewski JF, Dela F. Strength training increases insulin-mediated
    glucose uptake, GLUT4 content, and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes.
    2004;53(2):294-305.
    53. Mohammadi Sijavandi F, Bagherpour T, Nemati N. The effects of aerobic training and green tea supplementation
    on heart rate and blood pressure among overweight females. Journal of Animal Biology. 2016;8(4), 89-99.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
Volume 64, Issue 2
July and August 2021
Pages 2999-3013

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics