Comparison of Family Function, Family Communication and Body Image Satisfaction Among Obese and Normal Girl Students in Shahrekord

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Counseling Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University (corresponding author)

2 Associate Professor of Counseling Department, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Shahrekord University

Abstract

Introduction: There is mounting evidence that family functioning and Communication are linked to childhood overweight and obesity, and that both of these are associated with health-related behaviours and adverse health outcomes in children and adolescents. Therefore, the present study aimed to comparison of family Function, family communication and body image satisfaction among obese and normal girl students in Shahrekord
Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted using the causal-comparative on all the first- and second-year high school girls in the academic year 2019 in Shahrekord Province, Iran. In total, 346 individuals were selected via multistage random cluster sampling for the normal students and purposive sampling for the obese students. Data were collected using General Functioning Scale, Family communication scale and body satisfaction scales. Data analysis using the multivariate analysis of covariance.
Results: The normal students had higher family Function, family communication and body image satisfaction scores compared to the obese students, with a significant difference in this regard (P < 0.004/).
Conclusion: The main message of this research is probably related to families with obese adolescents, counselors and psychologists. It can be concluded that both in the prevention and treatment of obesity, family function and communication can be considered. Also, during adolescence, overweight and obese people have very low satisfaction with their body image.        

Keywords

References

  1. Mastrotheodoros S, Canário C, Gugliandolo MC, Merkas M, Keijsers L. Family functioning and adolescent
    internalizing and externalizing problems: Disentangling between-, and within-family associations. Journal of youth and
    adolescence. 2019:1-14.
    2. Nelson MC, Story M, Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Lytle LA. Emerging adulthood and college-aged
    youth: an overlooked age for weight-related behavior change. Obesity. 2008;16(10):2205.
    3. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US
    children and adolescents, 1999-2010. Jama. 2012;307(5):483-90.
    4. Abarca-Gómez L, Abdeen ZA, Hamid ZA, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Acosta-Cazares B, Acuin C, et al. Worldwide
    trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416
    population-based measurement studies in 128· 9 million children, adolescents, and adults. The Lancet.
    2017;390(10113):2627-42.
    5. Kelishadi R, Haghdoost A-A, Sadeghirad B, Khajehkazemi R. Trend in the prevalence of obesity and
    overweight among Iranian children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition. 2014;30(4):393-
    400.
    6. Haines J, Rifas-Shiman SL, Horton NJ, Kleinman K, Bauer KW, Davison KK, et al. Family functioning and
    quality of parent-adolescent relationship: cross-sectional associations with adolescent weight-related behaviors and
    weight status. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2016;13(1):68.
    7. von Bonsdorff MB, Törmäkangas T, Rantanen T, Salonen MK, Osmond C, Kajantie E, et al. Early life body
    mass trajectories and mortality in older age: findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. Annals of medicine.
    2015;47(1):34-9.
    8. Davis JN, Tung A, Chak SS, Ventura EE, Byrd-Williams CE, Alexander KE, et al. Aerobic and strength
    training reduces adiposity in overweight Latina adolescents. Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
    2009;41(7):1494.
    9. Limbers CA, Young D, Grimes GR. Dietary, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors associated with
    percent body fat in rural Hispanic youth. Journal of Pediatric Health Care. 2014;28(1):63-70.
    10. Romero AJ. A pilot test of the Latin active hip hop intervention to increase physical activity among lowincome Mexican-American adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion. 2012;26(4):208-11.
    11. Ritchie LD, Welk G, Styne D, Gerstein DE, Crawford PB. Family environment and pediatric overweight: what
    is a parent to do? Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2005;105(5):70-9.
    12. Carbert NS, Brussoni M, Geller J, Mâsse LC. Moderating effects of family environment on overweight/obese
    adolescents’ dietary behaviours. Appetite. 2019;134:69-77.
    13. Carnes-Holt K. Child–parent relationship therapy for adoptive families. The Family Journal. 2012;20(4):419-
    26.
    14. Halliday JA, Palma CL, Mellor D, Green J, Renzaho A. The relationship between family functioning and child
    and adolescent overweight and obesity: a systematic review. International journal of obesity. 2014;38(4):480-93.
    15. Rhee K. Childhood overweight and the relationship between parent behaviors, parenting style, and family
    functioning. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 2008;615(1):11-37.
    16. Renzaho AM, Dau A, Cyril S, Ayala GX. The influence of family functioning on the consumption of
    unhealthy foods and beverages among 1-to 12-y-old children in Victoria, Australia. Nutrition. 2014;30(9):1028-33.
    17. Gundersen C, Mahatmya D, Garasky S, Lohman B. Linking psychosocial stressors and childhood obesity.
    Obesity reviews. 2011;12(5):e54-e63.
    18. Li Wen M, Simpson JM, Baur LA, Rissel C, Flood VM. Family functioning and obesity risk behaviors:
    implications for early obesity intervention. Obesity. 2011;19(6):1252-8.
    19. St. George SM, Wilson DK. A qualitative study for understanding family and peer influences on obesityrelated health behaviors in low-income African-American adolescents. Childhood Obesity. 2012;8(5):466-76.
    20. Jelalian E, Hadley W, Sato A, Kuhl E, Rancourt D, Oster D, et al. Adolescent weight control: An intervention
    targeting parent communication and modeling compared with minimal parental involvement. Journal of Pediatric
    Psychology. 2015;40(2):203-13.
  2. 21. Rhee KE, Lumeng JC, Appugliese DP, Kaciroti N, Bradley RH. Parenting styles and overweight status in first
    grade. Pediatrics. 2006;117(6):2047-54.
    22. Riesch SK, Anderson LS, Krueger HA. Parent–child communication processes: Preventing children's
    health‐risk behavior. Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing. 2006;11(1):41-56.
    23. Chen JL, Kennedy C. Factors Associated with Obesity in Chinese-American Children. Pediatric Nursing.
    2005;31:110-5.
    24. Boutelle KN, Cafri G, Crow SJ. Parent predictors of child weight change in family based behavioral obesity
    treatment. Obesity. 2012;20(7):1539-43.
    25. Markey C, Gillen M. Dieting. Encyclopedia of Mental Health: Second Edition: Elsevier Inc.; 2016. p. 46-50.
    26. Ata RN, Ludden AB, Lally MM. The effects of gender and family, friend, and media influences on eating
    behaviors and body image during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2007;36(8):1024-37.
    27. Jones LR, Fries E, Danish SJ. Gender and ethnic differences in body image and opposite sex figure preferences
    of rural adolescents. Body image. 2007;4(1):103-8.
    28. Wardle J, Cooke L. The impact of obesity on psychological well-being. Best practice & research clinical
    endocrinology & metabolism. 2005;19(3):421-40.
    29. Dockray S, Susman EJ, Dorn LD. Depression, cortisol reactivity, and obesity in childhood and adolescence.
    Journal of Adolescent Health. 2009;45(4):344-50.
    30. Caccavale LJ, Farhat T, Iannotti RJ. Social engagement in adolescence moderates the association between
    weight status and body image. Body image. 2012;9(2):221-6.
    31. Doaei S, Kalantari N, Majidi N, Malmir H. Investigation of the association of body mass index with mental
    health and self-confidence in girls: A case-control study. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences.
    2018;10(1):9-14.
    32. Golian S, Ghiyasvand M, Ali MM, Mehran A. The relationship between body image of obese adolescent girls
    and depression, anxiety and stress. Payesh (Health Monitor). 2014;13(4):433-40.
    33. Poursharifi H, Hashemi Nosrat Abad T, Ahmadi M. Comparison of body image problems and social physique
    anxiety between obese and normal weight adolescents: the moderating role of sociocultural influence on weight loss
    and body change. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology. 2017;6(21):86-103.
    34. Zarei A, Poursharifi H, Babapour J. The Role of Body Image Dissatisfaction and Mental Health in Prediction
    of Adolescent Obesity among Girls. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2016;18(3):197-204.
    35. Brown BB, Prinstein MJ. Encyclopedia of adolescence: Academic Press; 2011.
    36. Amiri P, Ghofranipour F, Jalali Farahani S, Ahmadi FF, Hosseinpanah F, Hooman HA. Mothers’ Perceptions
    on Familial Correlates of Overweight and Obesity Related Behaviors in Adolescents. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology
    and Metabolism. 2010;12(2):145-52.
    37. Bayegi F, Mottlagh ARD, Eshraghian MR, Sadrzadeh H. Familial risk factors of obesity in Neishabour school
    children. Payesh (Health Monitor). 2009;8(3):289-96.
    38. Alberga A, Sigal R, Goldfield G, Prud'Homme D, Kenny G. Overweight and obese teenagers: why is
    adolescence a critical period? Pediatric obesity. 2012;7(4):261-73.
    39. Bihum JT, Wamboldt MZ, Gavin LA, Wamboldt FS. Can the Family Assessment Device (FAD) be used with
    school aged children? Family Process. 2002;41(4):723-31.
    40. Yoosefi N. An investigation of the psychometric properties of the mcmaster clinical rating scale (MCRS).
    Educatioal measuremet. 2012;2(7):91-120.
    41. Epstein NB, Baldwin LM, Bishop DS. The McMaster family assessment device. Journal of marital and family
    therapy. 1983;9(2):171-80.
    42. Crespo C, Kielpikowski M, Jose PE, Pryor J. Relationships between family connectedness and body
    satisfaction: A longitudinal study of adolescent girls and boys. Journal of youth and adolescence. 2010;39(12):1392-
    401.
    43. Cacioppo M, Pace U, Zappulla C. Parental psychological control, quality of family context and life satisfaction
    among Italian adolescents. Child indicators research. 2013;6(1):179-91.
    44. Sleddens EF, Gerards SM, Thijs C, De Vries NK, Kremers SP. General parenting, childhood overweight and
    obesity‐inducing behaviors: A review. International journal of pediatric obesity. 2011;6(2Part2):e12-e27.
    45. Cummings EM, George MR, McCoy KP, Davies PT. Interparental conflict in kindergarten and adolescent
    adjustment: Prospective investigation of emotional security as an explanatory mechanism. Child development.
    2012;83(5):1703-15.
    46. Booth ML, King LA, Pagnini DL, Wilkenfeld RL, Booth SL. Parents of school students on childhood
    overweight: the Weight of Opinion Study. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 2009;45(4):194-8.
    47. Kim HS, Park J, Park K-y, Lee M-N, Ham OK. Parent involvement intervention in developing weight
    management skills for both parents and overweight/obese children. Asian nursing research. 2016;10(1):11-7.
    48. Kluck AS. Family influence on disordered eating: The role of body image dissatisfaction. Body image.
    2010;7(1):8-14.
    49. Cooley E, Toray T, Wang MC, Valdez NN. Maternal effects on daughters' eating pathology and body image.
    Eating Behaviors. 2008.
medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences
Volume 64, Issue 4
November and December 2021
Pages 3889-3901

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics