Assessing preventive Behaviors of Leishmaniasis in health Ambassadors: Application of Cognitive-social Theory

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master student of health education and health promotion, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 PhD Student of Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center & Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Social Factors Affecting Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Center for Research on Social Factors Affecting Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

5 Assistant Professor of Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (Corresponding Author).

Abstract

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is affected by individual, behavioral and environmental factors that are still unknown and their identification can help control and prevent the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of social-cognitive factors affecting leishmaniasis prevention behaviors in health ambassadors.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in rural areas of Mashhad in 1400. 207 health ambassadors were selected by multi-stage random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on cognitive-social theory structures whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed and collected in SPSS software version 26 using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression.
Results: Based on linear regression test, the structures of emotional adjustment, self-control and self-efficacy in overcoming obstacles were significant predictors of preventive behavior of seekers and were able to predict 55.7% of the variance of this behavior. Emotional adjustment (β = 0.347, P <0.001) was the strongest predictor of behavior. After that, self-control (β = 0.295, P <0.001) and self-efficacy of overcoming obstacles (β = 0.158, P = 0.012) had a positive and significant correlation with behavior, respectively.
Conclusion: Findings of this study show that interventions to promote leishmaniasis prevention behaviors using emotional adaptation, self-control and self-efficacy strategies can be effective in overcoming barriers. Therefore, designing and implementing programs to promote leprosy-protective behaviors in this group of society is useful for controlling leishmaniasis.

Keywords

References

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Medical Journal of Mashhad university of Medical Sciences
Volume 65, Issue 2
May and June 2022
Pages 680-691

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