Medical Journal of Mashhad university of Medical Sciences

Medical Journal of Mashhad university of Medical Sciences

Genotypic study of resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains To methicillin isolated from patients in Shahrekord

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Sameh Hajimohammadi 1
Hassan Momtaz 2
Elahe Tajbakhsh 3
1 PhD student in Microbial Biotechnology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
10.22038/mjms.2022.65079.3819
Abstract
isolated from patients' infections and to determine the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility in patients referred to Shahrekord hospitals.
Materials and Methods:Antibiotic susceptibility model was performed by disk diffusion method based on CLSI model. Isolated isolates were analyzed by PCR for the presence of mecA target gene and confirmation of SCCmec typing.
Results: 45 patients (27.10%) out of 166 patients had positive culture of Staphylococcus aureus, of which 11 (24.44%) were male patients and 34 (75.55%) were patients. Oxacillin resistant and 36 isolates (80%) were resistant to cefoxitin and 45 isolates (100%) were phenotypically MRSA. These isolates were confirmed by molecular method (presence of mecA gene carrying molecule by PCR).100% of patients with Staphylococcus aureus infection were methicillin resistant and 95.5% were MDR. Of 100 methicillin-resistant isolates (isolates containing mecA gene), type V was detected in 53.33% of isolates. Also, TypeIII and Typr IVa were detected in 26.66% and 17.77% of isolates, respectively.
Conclusion: More than half of the staphylococcal infections in this study were caused by Staphylococcus aureus and more than 48% of the isolates were resistant to methicillin. The highest resistance to penicillin was observed. The high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus is a serious danger to society.
Keywords
Staphylococcus aureus
Genotyping
Resistance genes
  1. Njoungang LL, NwobegahayMbekem J, Ayangma RC, NjukengAchianga P, Kengne M, Mbozo'o Abeng E,
    Mama EA, Tchouamo M, Ter Goon D. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of strains of
    Staphylococcus aureus isolated at the Yaounde Military Hospital, Cameroon. Microbiol Res Int. 2015; 3(4):
    56-63.
    2. Niu H, Yee R, Cui P, Tian L, Zhang S, Shi W, Sullivan D, Zhu B, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Identification of
    Agents Activeagainst Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 from a Clinical Compound
    Library. Pathogens. 2017; 6(3): pii: E44.
    3. National strategy for combating antibiotic resistant bacteria, 2014.
    4. Fnac. Rémic. Référentiel en microbiologie médicale. 4eme édition. 2010.
    5. Piri-Gharaghie T, Doosti A, Mirzaei SA. Identification of Antigenic Properties of Acinetobacter baumannii
    Proteins as Novel Putative Vaccine Candidates Using Reverse Vaccinology Approach. Applied Biochemistry
    and Biotechnology. 2022:1-23.
    6. EUCAST. Comité de l'antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie. Recommandations. 2014.
    7. Piri-Gharaghie T, Jegargoshe-Shirin N, Saremi-Nouri S, Khademhosseini SH, Hoseinnezhad-Lazarjani E,
    Mousavi A, Kabiri H, Rajaei N, Riahi A, Farhadi-Biregani A, Fatehi-Ghahfarokhi S. Effects of Imipenemcontaining Niosome nanoparticles against high prevalence methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Epidermidis
    biofilm formed. Sci rep. 2022;12(1):1-3.
  2. 8. Piri‐Gharaghie T, Beiranvand S, Riahi A, Shirin NJ, Badmasti F, Mirzaie A, Elahianfar Y, Ghahari S,
    Ghahari S, Pasban K, Hajrasouliha S. Fabrication and characterization of thymol‐loaded chitosan nanogels:
    Improved antibacterial and anti‐biofilm activities with negligible cytotoxicity. Chem & Biodiversity.
    2022;19(3):e202100426.
    9. Asiimwe BB, Baldan R, Trovato A, Cirillo DM. Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidinpositive community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in pastoral communities of
    rural south western Uganda. BMC Infect Dis. 2017; 17(1): 17-24.
    10. Akindolire AE, Tongo O, Dada-Adegbola H, Akinyinka O. Etiology of early onset septicemia among
    neonates at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016; 10(12): 1338-1344.
    11. Eshetie S, Tarekegn F, Moges F, Amsalu A, Birhan W, Huruy K. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    in Ethiopia: a meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2016; 16(1): 689.
    12. Eibach D, Nagel M, Hogan B, Azuure C, Krumkamp R, Dekker D, Gajdiss M, Brunke M, Sarpong N, OwusuDabo E, May J. Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among Children in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
    PLoS One. 2017; 12(1): e0170320.
    13. Leibler JH, León C, Cardoso LJP, Morris JC, Miller NS, Nguyen DD, Gaeta JM. Prevalence and risk factors
    for MRSA nasal colonization among persons experiencing homelessness in Boston, MA. J Med Microbiol.
    2017; 66(8): 1183-1188.
    14. Ravensbergen SJ, Berends M, Stienstra Y, Ott A.High prevalence of MRSA and ESBL among asylum
    seekers in the Netherlands. PLoS One. 2017; 12(4): e0176481.
    15. Catry et al. Risk Factors for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a multi-laboratory study. PLOS
    ONE. 2014; 9(2): e89579.
    16. Karimi M, Esfahani BN, Halaji M, Mobasherizadeh S, Shahin M, Havaei SR, Shokri D, Havaei SA.
    Molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in tertiary
    care hospitals of Isfahan, Iran. Infez Med. 2017; 25(3): 234-240.
    17. Bottega A, Rodrigues Mde A, Carvalho FA, Wagner TF, Leal IA, Santos SO, Rampelotto RF, Hörner R.
    Evaluation of constitutive and inducible resistance to clindamycin in clinical samples of Staphylococcus
    aureus from a tertiary hospital. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2014; 47(5): 589-592.
    18. Brown PD. Multiple-locus VNTR Analyses of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Jamaica.
    Infect Dis (Auckl). 2015; 8: 31-38.
    19. Navidinia M. Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance (MLSBi) among methicillin-resistant
    Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from health care providers. J Paramedical Sci. 2015; 6(1): 91-96.
    20. Hertl M, Eming R. Autoimmune skin disorders, pemphigus. Autoimmune Diseases of the Skin
    (Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Management). 2011; 33-63.
    21. Atkinson TP. Immune deficiency and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2012; 24(5): 515-21.
    22. Belgnaoui FZ, Senouci K, Chraibi H, Aoussar A, Mansouri F, Benzekri L, et al. Predisposition to infection
    in patients with pemphigus. Retrospective study of 141 cases. Presse Med 2007; 36(11 Pt 1):1563-9.
    23. Esmaili N, Mortazavi H, Noormohammadpour P, Boreiri M, Soori T, Vasheghani Farahani I, et al.
    Pemphigus vulgaris and infections: a retrospective study on 155 patients. Autoimmune Dis 2013; 2013.
    24. Chmurova N, Svecova D. Pemphigus vulgaris: a 11-year review. Bratisl Lek Listy 2009; 110(8): 500-3.
    Kanwar AJ, Dhar S. Factors responsible for death in patients with pemphigus. J Dermatol 1994; 21(9): 655-
    9.25. Havaei SA, Ahmadpour M, Poursina F, Ruzbahani M, Assadbeigi B. The prevalence of panton-valentine
    leukocidin gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from alzahra hospital Isfahan. Iran J Isfahan Med Sch
    2015; 32(31): 219-9. [in Persian]
    26. Shariati L, Validi M, Tabatabaiefar MA, Karimi A, Nafisi MR. Comparison of real-time PCR with disk
    diffusion, agar screen and E-test methods for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Curr
    Microbiol 2010; 61(6): 520-4.
    27. Motamedi H, Rahmat Abadi SS, Moosavian SM, Torabi M. The Association of Panton- Valentine leukocidin
    and mecA Genes in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Patients Referred to
    Educational Hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8(8): e22021.
    28. Darabi N, Habibollahi H, Shahbabian K. Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from
    patients and personnel in Army hospital. J Army Univ Med Sci I R Iran 2010; 8(3): 193-9. [in Persian]
    29. Denton M, O’Connell B, Bernard P, Jarlier V, Williams Z, Henriksen AS. The EPISA study: antimicrobial
    susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus causing primary or secondary skin and soft tissue infections in the
    community in France, the UK and Ireland. J Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2008; 61(3): 586-8.
    30. Elazhari M, Saile R, Dersi N, Timinouni M, Elmalki A, Zriouil SB, et al. Activité de 16 Antibiotiques vis-àvis des Staphylococcus aureus communautaires à Casablanca (Maroc) et Prévalence des Souches Résistantes
    à la Méthicilline. Eur J Sci Res 2009; 30: 128-37.
    31. Cohen ML. Epidemiology of drug resistance: implications for a post—antimicrobial era. Science 1992;
    257(5073): 1050-5.
    32. Sina H, Ahoyo TA, Moussaoui W, Keller D, Bankolé HS, Barogui Y, et al. Variability of antibiotic
    susceptibility and toxin production of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from skin, soft tissue, and bone
    related infections. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13(1): 188.
    33. Shariati L, Validi M, Tabatabaiefar MA, Karimi A, Nafisi MR. Comparison of real-time PCR with disk
    diffusion, agar screen and E-test methods for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Curr
    Microbiol 2010; 61(6): 520-4.
    34. Schneider-Lindner V, Delaney J, Dial S, Dascal A, Suissa S. Antimicrobial drugs and community-acquired
    methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, United Kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13(7): 99.
    35. D'Souza, N., Rodrigues, C., and Mehta, A. Molecular characterization of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus
    aureus with emergence of epidemic clones of sequence type (ST) 22 and ST 772 in Mumbai, India. J Clin
    Microbiol. 2010;48:1806-1811.
    36. Moussa, I., Kabli, S.A., Hemeg, H.A., Al- Garni, S.M., and Shibl, A.M. 2012. A novel multiplex PCR for
    molecular characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus recovered from Jeddah, Kingdom
    of Saudi Arabia. Indian J Med Microbiol. 30: 296-301 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards
    (NCCLS). 2015. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard
    M02-A12. 12th ed., NCCLS, Villanova.
    37. Momtaz, H., and Hafezi, L. 2014. Meticillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Iranian hospitals:
    virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2014; 14: 219-226.
    38. Momtaz, H., Safarpoor Dehkordi, F., Rahimi, E., Asgarifar, A., and Momeni, M. Virulence genes and
    antimicrobial resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat in Isfahan province,
    Iran. J Appl Poult Res. 2013; 22: 913-921
Medical Journal of Mashhad university of Medical Sciences
Volume 65, Issue 3
May and June 2022