Introduction: Substance use disorders are among the fundamental challenges of mental health, and choosing an effective treatment model plays a key role in reducing relapse and increasing patients' resilience. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two treatment models for substance use disorders in residential rehabilitation centers and community-based centers for men on resilience and substance craving.
 Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all individuals who received a diagnosis of substance dependence in residential rehabilitation centers and community-based therapeutic centers in Tehran in the year 2025. The sample size consisted of 45 individuals selected from the statistical population through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people per group). The first experimental group received the treatment model of residential rehabilitation centers, and the second experimental group received the treatment model of community-based centers; the control group did not receive any intervention and only received routine and non-specialized addiction cessation interventions. The research instruments included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and the Post-Withdrawal Substance Craving Questionnaire (Salehi Fadardi et al., 2010). Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance (with repeated measures) in SPSS version 26.
Results: The results showed that residential rehabilitation centers and community-based centers have an effect on resilience and substance craving (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the post-hoc test indicated that there is a significant difference between the two treatment methods on resilience and substance craving, and community-based centers were more effective (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that both treatment models (residential rehabilitation centers and community-based centers) are effective in increasing resilience and reducing substance craving, but the community-based model has greater effectiveness. Therefore, it is recommended that in designing treatment programs for substance use disorders in men, especially in residential centers, the principles and techniques of community-based centers be utilized more extensively to achieve more stable and comprehensive recovery.