Comparison of the effectiveness of Olson's approach with acceptance and commitment on marriage expectation and responsibility of bachelor girls

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student in Counseling, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty Member of Kharazmi University (Teacher Training), Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Olson's approach to and the acceptance and commitment approach to marriage expectations and responsibility of bachelor girls in Iran.
Methods: This study was experimental and pretest-posttest with two experimental control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all unmarried girls in Tehran in 1397. In this population, 60 girls were selected as a statistical sample and randomly replaced in three groups (two experimental and one control group). The required data were collected by using the Jones and Nelson (1997) and California Accountability Questionnaire (1987) using the Waste Scale in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Using a multivariate covariance test It was analyzed.
Results: Findings of the research showed that the average expectation of marriage and responsibility of bachelor girls remained higher in both experimental groups and the results of multivariate covariance showed that the impact of both approaches on reducing pessimistic and idealistic expectations of marriage and The increase in the realistic expectation of marriage and the significance of responsibility (p <0.001).
Conclusion: and the results of Bonferroni follow-up test showed that between the effectiveness of the two approaches in increasing the realistic expectation of marriage and accountability There is no significant difference, but the impact of acceptance and commitment approach on reducing pessimistic and idealistic expectations is more than the approach. Red Olson was.

Keywords


1.             Ikamari L. The effect of education on the timing of marriage in Kenya. Demographic Res 2005; 12:1-28.
2.             Jones GW. Not “when to marry” but “whether to marry”: The changing context of marriage decisions in East and Southeast Asia. Singapore: Untying the Knot: Ideal and Reality in Asian Marriage; 2004. P. 3-58.
3.             Çelik K. Unmarried women with closed “windows of opportunity”: professional women's reasons for not getting married. Women's Studies International Forum, Ankara, Turkey; 2018.
4.             Fathi E. Age trend and marriage pattern in iran with emphasis on results of general population and housing censuses. Statist Centre Iran; 2014.
5.             Bahiraee E, Hazratisomeeh Z. Social factors influencing age at marriage, female students (case study: Working students in 2011 to study at Islamic Azad University, Science Research). Sociol Stud Iran 2012; 2:137.
6.             Ruggles S. Marriage, family systems, and economic opportunity in the USA since 1850. Gender and couple relationships. New York: Springer; 2016. P. 3-41.
7.             Lichter DT, Batson CD, Brown JB. Welfare reform and marriage promotion: the marital expectations and desires of single and cohabiting mothers. Soc Serv Rev 2004; 78:2-25.
8.             Segrin C, Nabi RL. Does television viewing cultivate unrealistic expectations about marriage? J Communicat 2002; 52:247-63.
9.             Nourbakhsh M, Mardani S, Gosam A, Ashrafi A. Investigating the factors affecting female marriage age from a sociological perspective (qualitative study). First National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational and Psychological Sciences, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran; 2014.
10.          Mohebi F, Sayyah M, Hoseyni SS. Delay significations in female students’ marriage. Sci J Manag Syst 2016; 6:251-74.
11.          Knutson L, Olson DH. Effectiveness of PREPARE program with premarital couples in community settings. Marriage Fam 2003; 6:529-46.
12.          Van Epp MC. An Exploration of the dating attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of single army soldiers and their perceived readiness to marry. Ohio: Ohio State University; 2006.
13.          Olson DH, Olson AK. PREPARE/ENRICH program: version 2000. Prev Appr Couples Ther 1999; 6:196-216.
14.          Saadati N, Rostami M, Darbani SA. Comparing the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) on improving self-esteem and post-divorce adaptation in women. Fam Psychol 2017; 3:45-58.
15.          Sharifi Heratmeh S, Davoodi H. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on increasing the level of components (regularity, regularity, and self-management) of student responsibility,. Psychol Educ Stud 2016; 14:48-33.
16.          Twohig MP, Masuda A, Varra AA, Hayes SC. Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for anxiety disorders.  Acceptance and mindfulness-based approaches to anxiety. New York: Springer; 2005. P. 101-29.
17.          Forman EM, Herbert JD. New directions in cognitive behavior therapy: Acceptance-based therapies. General Princip Empirical Supp Techniq Cognit Behav Ther 2009; 10:77-101.
18.          Bowers Jr M. Kaplan & Sadock’s Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:199.
19.          Jones GD, Nelson ES. Expectations of marriage among college students from intact and non-intact homes. J Divorce Remarriag 1997; 26:171-89.
20.          Nilforooshan P, Abedi A, Ahmadi A, Navidian A. Studying the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the marriage expectation scale (MES). Int J Behav Sci 2011; 5:11.
21.          Megargee EI. The California psychological inventory handbook. New York: Jossey-Bass Inc Pub; 1972.
22.          Faramarzi F. The effect of life skills training on reducing anxiety and increasing the responsibility of male addicts to provide well-being in Masjed Soleiman city. Ahvaz: Azad University; 2009.
23.          Fazlollahi Ghomashi S, Afrasiabi N. The role of cultural intelligence and social capital in teachers' social responsibility. Knowledge 2018; 255:47-55.
24.          Atef-Vahid MK, Nasr-Esfahani M, Fattolahi P, Shojaie MR. Standardization of the Persian Version of the California Psychological Inventory (PCI). Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol 2006; 11:371-8.
25.          Mirzazadeh F, Ahmadi K, Fatehezadeh MA-S. Examining the effectiveness of emotionally focused therapy on post divorce adjustment in women. Fam Counsel Psychother 2012; 2:441-60.
26.          Kaamkaar M, Salehi M. The effects of premarital Training on the non- functional marital expectations of university students who were on the verge of marriage. Counsel Cult Psycother 2011; 1:57-72.
27.          Yazdan Panah Ahmadi M. The effectiveness of olson's method of premarital education on expectation of marriage and emotional intelligence of girls on the eve of marriage in Rafsanjan. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University; 2012.
28.          Carroll JS, Doherty WJ. Evaluating the effectiveness of premarital prevention programs: a meta‐analytic review of outcome research. Fam Relat 2003; 52:105-18.
29.          Johnston M, Foster M, Shennan J, Starkey NJ, Johnson A. The effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment therapy self-help intervention for chronic pain. Clin J Pain 2010; 26:393-402.
30.          Mirzahosseini H, Pourabdol S, Sobhi Gharamaleki N, Saravani S. The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy in decreasing cognitive avoidance among students with specific learning disorder (SLD). Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol 2016; 22:166-75.