Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Biology, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Background: One of the significant health problems in some developing countries such as Iran is lead toxicity. The present study describes the fabrication of a novel ion selective electrode for the rapid and sensitive determination of Pb (II) ions in real samples.
Methods: The electrode was prepared by Glassy carbon electrode modification with Calyx[6]arena as an ionophore. A mixture of DMPP, HEMA and n-BA were used to to prepare the first layer as well as NaTFPB, Calyx[6]arena and DMPP were used to to prepare the second layer.
Results: The results obtained from FT-IR, FESEM, and EDX confirm the presence of Pb (II) ions in the optimized sensor. Ion selective electrode exhibits nernstian response to Pb (II) ions with slope of 28.58 mV/decade in the concentration range of 1 × 10-8 to 1 × 10-2 M. Moreover, the electrode showed good selectivity toward Pb(II) ions over KCL, NaCL, NH4CL, CaCL2, MgCL2, ZnCL2, CuCL2 and NiCL2. In relation to the real sample, the prepared electrode showed a recovery between 94.39_99.48 % and a relative standard deviation of less than 1 %.
Conclusion: The designed electrode, without the need for complicated sample preparation steps, was successfully used to determine the low concentrations of Pb(II) cation in the blood samples.
As a result, the designed electrode is of good accuracy and can be used to measure Pb(II) cation in blood samples and possibly any other biological sample.
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