Causal model of parental self-efficacy based on perceived social support and parenting styles with the mediating role of parent-child interaction in mothers of children with specific learning disabilities

Zarinkolah, Somaye; Rezaei, Azarmidokht; Sohrabi Shegefti, Nadereh; Kouroshnia, Maryam

doi:10.22038/mjms.2025.84455.4862

Causal model of parental self-efficacy based on perceived social support and parenting styles with the mediating role of parent-child interaction in mothers of children with specific learning disabilities

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Somaye Zarinkolah ¹

Azarmidokht Rezaei ²

Nadereh Sohrabi Shegefti ³

Maryam Kouroshnia ²

¹ PhD. student, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

² Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

³ Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

10.22038/mjms.2025.84455.4862

Abstract

Introduction: Given that the psychological state of parents, especially mothers, who are the primary caregivers of children with learning disabilities, has a significant direct and indirect impact on the formation of children's behavior and their social relationships, the aim of the present study was to develop a causal model of parental self-efficacy based on perceived social support, perceived parenting style with the mediating role of parent-child interaction in mothers of children with specific learning disabilities. Methods: In this study, which was a descriptive study of correlational designs based on structural relationships, 320 mothers of children with learning disabilities in Shiraz were selected through purposive sampling in the academic year 2023-2024 and completed the Domka self-efficacy, Pianta parent-child interaction, Zimet perceived social support, and Schaefer parenting questionnaires.
The data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and AMOSE-24 software. Results: The results of structural equations showed that the desired model has a good fit and that parent-child interaction, perceived social support, and perceived parenting styles have a positive and significant effect on the parental self-efficacy of mothers with children with specific learning disabilities. Perceived social support, perceived parenting styles have a positive and significant effect. Perceived social support, perceived parenting styles have a significant indirect effect on the parental self-efficacy of mothers with parent-child interaction. Conclusion: Mothers of children with specific learning disorders who have high metacognitive skills, due to their insight and awareness of their own and their child's cognitive characteristics and states, try to use the best available solution in solving problems.

Keywords

Parental self-efficacy

perceived social support

parenting style

parent-child interaction

specific learning disorder

Subjects