ارتباط عوامل غذایی با چاقی در دانش آموزان دبستانی نیشابور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشـناس ارشـد علــومبهداشـتی درتغذیــه، گــروه تغذیــهوبیوشــیمی،دانــشکده بهداشــت و انستیتو تحقیقاتبهداشتی،دانشگاهعلـومپزشـکی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانـشیار، گـروه تغذیـهوبیوشـیمی،دانـشکده بهداشـت وانـستیتو تحقیقـاتبهداشـتی،دانـشگاه علومپزشکی تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروهآمـارواپیـدمیولوژی،دانـشکده بهداشـت وانـستیتو تحقیقـاتبهداشـتی،دانـشگاه علومپزشکی تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد علوم تغذیه، دانشکده علـوم تغذیه و صنایع غذایی، دانـشگاه علـوم پزشـکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
امروزه شیوع چاقی در کودکان کشورهای توسعه یافته و در حال توسعه به سـرعت رو بـه افـزا یش اسـت و عوامـل
مختلفی در ایجاد آن دخالت دارند که لازم است در هر جمع یتی به طور جداگانه مورد بررس ی قرار گیرنـد. مطالعـه
حاضــر با هــدف بررسی ارتباط عوامل غذایی با چاقی در دانش آموزان دبستانی شهر نیشابور در زمستان 1384 بـه
انجام رسید.
روش کار
این مطالعــه مورد شاهدی و مقطعی بر 1471 دانش آموز دبستانی شهرنیشابور در سال 1384 انجـام شـد، مـوارد بـه
روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی انتخاب شــده بودند. قد و وزن کلیه دانش آموزان اندازه گیری و نمایه تـوده
بدن محاسبه شد. 114 دانش آموز چاق (گروه مورد که اندکس توده بدنی آنها بزرگتر از صدک 95 معیار حـسینی
و همکاران بود، n=114) و به همان تعداد دانش آموز غیر چاق (گروه شاهد که BMI آنها بین صـدک 15 تـا 85
همان استاندارد بود n=102) انتخـاب شدند. جهت تعیین عوامل غذایی مرتبط با چاقی دو پرسشنامه تکرر مـصرف
مواد غذایی و 24 ساعت یادآمد خوراک تکمیـل شد. اطلاعات حاصـل شـده بـا اسـتفاده از روش آمـاری SPSS
تجزیه و تحلیل شده و از روش های کای اسکوئرو تی تست هم استفاده شد.
نتایج
نتایج نشان داد که میانگین انرژی دریافتی روزانه در گروه مورد (2413/1±542/2 کیلوکالری) به طـور معنی داری
بیشتر از گروه شاهد (1762/1±411/7 کیلوکالری) بود (p<0/001). میزان انـرژی دریـافتی حاصـل از هـر یـک از
درشت مغذیها نیز در دو گروه متفاوت بود (p<0/001). همچنین دو گروه از نظرمصرف نوشـابه، چیـپس، پفـک،
شکلات، آبمیوه طبیعی و غذاهای آماده تفاوت معنی دار داشتند (p<0/001).
نتیجهگیری
ارائه برنامه های آموزش تغذیه در سطح خانوار به منظور کنترل شیوع چاقی در کودکان ضروری به نظرمی رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Association between Dietary Factors and Obesity in Neishabour School Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshteh Baygi 1
  • Ahmad Reza Dorosty 2
  • Mohammad Reza Eshraghian 3
  • Arezo Haghighian Roudsari 4
1 Master of Science (MSc)in Public Health Nutrition,Nutrition and Biochemistry Department,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor in Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor Associate in Statistic, Statistic and Epidemiology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Master of Science (MSc) in Nutrition,Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shaheed Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction
The prevalence of childhood obesity in developed and developing countries is increasing. Different factors which are associated with childhood obesity should be assessed in each society. This study conducted to determine dietary risk factors of Neishabour school children in winter 2006.
Materials and Methods
In a cross-sectional study 1471 students aged 6-12 years were selected using two stage cluster sampling. Pupils' height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Obesity was defined as having a BMI>= 95th percentile of Iranian reference; in this way, 114 students were selected as case group and control group were students having 15th =<BMI=<85th. Control group was matched with case by age, school and classroom. Twelve students of control group were omitted because of not willing to enter the study (control=102 students). To find out dietary risk factors associated with childhood obesity, in each instance we interviewed the mother and the child for filling 24 hour dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire.
Results
Results showed that the average of daily calorie intake in cases was significantly higher than the control group (2413.1±542.2 vs. 1762.1±411.7; p<0.001). Daily energy intake from carbohydrate, protein and fat considerably different between two groups (p<0.001). The Frequency of cola, chips, puffs, chocolate, natural fruit juice and fast foods was remarkably different between the case and control groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Preventive actions are necessary to be planned for childhood obesity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dietary intake
  • Obesity
  • Primary
  • School children student
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