اعتباریابی استانداردهای رشدی سنجش مهارت‌های شناختی، جسمی- حرکتی، زبان، یادگیری و اجتماعی – رفتاری و هیجانی کودکان 1 تا 2 سال تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی کودکان استثنایی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیارگروه روانشناسی کودکان استثنایی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده کودکان استثنایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: هدف پژوهش تدوین مقیاس سنجش تحولی توانمندی‌های رشدی در حیطه‌های شناخت و سوادآموزی، رویکردی به یادگیری، جسمی-حرکتی، اجتماعی- رفتاری- هیجانی کودکان 1 تا 2 سال و بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی سیاهه در کودکان 1 تا 2 سال شهر تهران بود.
روش کار: جامعه آماری شامل تمام کودکان سنین 2-1 و والدین آن‌ها در شهر تهران بود. حجم نمونه شامل 500 کودک 2-1 سال بود؛ که برای هر حیطه 100 کودک در نظر گرفته شد. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات ابزار محقق ساخته‌ای است که از استانداردهای رشدی چندین ایالت آمریکا مانند استانداردهای رشدی واشنگتن (2012) استانداردهای رشدی نبراسکا (2018) و مطالعات انجام‌شده در ایران استفاده‌شده است.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که ضریب دشواری، سهولت متوسط به بالای سؤالات را نشان می‌دهد. همچنین یافته‌ها نشان‌دهنده آن است که رابطه مثبت و معناداری بین مقیاس شناخت و خرده مقیاس‌های منطق، حساب، علوم و مطالعات بین مقیاس جسمی- حرکتی و خرده مقیاس‌های مهارت‌های حرکتی درشت و مهارت‌های حرکتی ، مقیاس زبان و سوادآموزی با خرده مقیاس‌های زبان درکی یا دریافتی، زبان بیانی، خواندن و نوشتن و بین مقیاس هیجانی-رفتاری-اجتماعی با خرده مقیاس‌های خود پنداره، خودتنظیمی و دیگر مقیاس ها وجود دارد که نشان‌دهنده روایی سازه مقیاس (از نوع همسانی درونی) است.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج ضریب آلفا و باز-آزمایی بیانگر پایایی یا اعتبار مطلوب مقیاس بود؛ بنابراین با توجه به ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مناسب، می‌توان از این مقیاس در پژوهش‌ها استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Validation of developmental standards for measuring cognitive, physical-motor, language, learning and social-behavioral and emotional skills of 1-2 years old children in Tehran City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parstoo Nayebzade 1
  • parisa tajalli 2
  • ahmad ramezani 3
  • elahe mohammad esmaeil 3
1 PhD student, Department of Psychology of Exceptional Children, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology of Exceptional Children, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Responsible Author)
3 Assistant Professor, Research School for Exceptional Children, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The aim of the research was to develop a developmental assessment scale of developmental abilities in the fields of cognition and literacy, an approach to learning, physical-motor, social-behavioral-emotional in children 1-2 years old and to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the list in children 1-2 years old in Tehran.
Methods: The statistical population included all children aged 1-2 and their parents in Tehran. The sample size included 500 children aged 1-2 years; 100 children were considered for each area. The data collection tool is a researcher-made tool that uses the developmental standards of several American states, such as the developmental standards of Washington (2012), the developmental standards of Nebraska (2018), and studies conducted in Iran.
Findings: The results showed that the difficulty coefficient shows the moderate to high ease of the questions. Also, the findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the cognition scale and the subscales of logic, arithmetic, science and studies, between the physical-motor scale and the subscales of gross motor skills and motor skills, the language and literacy scale with the subscales of perceptive or receptive language. Expressive language, reading and writing, and between the emotional-behavioral-social scale with the subscales of self-concept, self-regulation and other scales, which shows the construct validity of the scale (of internal consistency).
Conclusion: The results of alpha coefficient and retest indicated the reliability or validity of the scale; Therefore, according to the appropriate psychometric properties, this scale can be used in research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive development skills
  • language and literacy
  • physical-motor
  • approach to learning
  • social-behavioral-emotional
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