مقایسه اثربخشی درمان‌های تحریک جدار جمجمه‌ای با جریان مستقیم (tDCS) و شناختی- رفتاری (CBT) بر سوگیری توجه در افراد دارای اضافه وزن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای روان‌شناسی سلامت، گروه روان‌شناسی سلامت، واحد بین الملل خرمشهر- خلیج فارس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرمشهر، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روان شناسی ، واحد اهواز ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز ، ایران .

چکیده

مقدمه: اضافه وزن یکی از مشکلات افراد در حال حاضر می باشد که یکی از دلایل آن روان شناختی به ویژه سوگیری توجه است. رویکردهای متفاوتی جدای از درمان شناختی رفتاری (CBT) مانند تحریک با جریان مستقیم از طریق جمجمه (tDCS) ظهور کرده است.  بنابراین، هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی tDCS و CBT  بر سوگیری توجه افراد دارای اضافه وزن بود.
روش کار: روش پژوهش نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون و گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه افراد دارای اضافه وزن مراجعه کننده به مرکز روان‌شناسی آرامش تهران در سال 1398 بودند، که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و براساس معیارهای ورود و خروج تعداد 36 نفر انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی ساده در سه گروه قرار گرفتند. میانگین و انحراف استاندارد سن افراد 45/6±27/34 و میانگین شاخص توده بدن افراد 23/2±12/28 بود. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه‌ استاندارد سوگیری توجه بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که بین میانگین نمرات پیش آزمون و پس آزمون tDCS بر سوگیری توجه مؤلفه اهداف زندگی و مولفه خوراکی ها به ترتیب (001/0≥p، 001/0≥p) و میانگین نمرات پیش آزمون و پس آزمون CBT بر سوگیری توجه مؤلفه اهداف زندگی و مولفه خوراکی ها به ترتیب (002/0≥p، 001/0≥p) اثر معنی داری وجود دارد. (05/0≥p). همچنین بین میانگین نمرات پس آزمون tDCS  و CBT  بر سوگیری توجه (مؤلفه اهداف زندگی و مولفه خوراکی ها به ترتیب) تفاوت معنی داری وجود ندارد (299/0<p، 441/0<p).
نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد برای کاهش سوگیری افراد در جهت جلوگیری ار تمایل به خوردن غذای بیشتر می توان از tDCS و CBT  استفاده نمود. با توجه به اینکه این پژوهش فقط در یکی از مراکز روان شناسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است، پیشنهاد می گردد  در جهت بالا بردن اعتبار بیرونی تحقیق در سایر مراکز مورد تحقیق قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effectiveness of tDCS and CBT treatments on Attention Bias in overweight people

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Ghanbari 1
  • parviz asgari 2
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Health Psychology, Khoramshahr-Persian Gulf, International Branch, Islamic Azad University, khoramshahr, Iran
2 Assistant professor&#039; of psychology,Department of Psychology, Ahwaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: Overweight is one of the problems in people nowadays, one of which is psychological, especially attentional bias. Different approaches have emerged apart from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of tDCS and CBT on attention bias in overweight people.
Methods: The research method used was quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the study included all overweight people referred to Aramesh Psychology Center in Tehran in year 2019. Using purposive sampling method, 36 individuals were selected and randomly divided into three groups based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean and standard deviation of age was 34.27±6.45 and mean body mass index was 28.12±2.23. The research instrument was standard attentional bias questionnaire. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Results: The results showed that tDCS and CBT were effective on The results showed that between the mean scores of pre-test and post-test tDCS on bias, attention to the component of life goals and the component of food (01.001, 0.001) and the mean of pre-test and post-CBT scores on bias, respectively The components of life goals and the component of foods (0.002, 0.001) have a significant effect, respectively. (05/0≥p). Also, there was no significant difference between the mean score of tDCS and CBT posttest on attention bias (component of life goals and food component, respectively) (p <0.299, p <0.441).
Conclusion: It seems that tDCS and CBT can be used to reduce people's bias in preventing the desire to eat more food. Given that this study has only been studied in one psychology center, it is suggested to investigate it in other centers to enhance the external validity of the research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
  • Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
  • Attention Bise
  • Overweight
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