ارزیابی توزیع جغرافیایی پزشکان عمومی و متخصص بر حسب جمعیت و شاخص های تعدیل نیاز در استان خراسان رضوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار اقتصاد، دانشکده مدیریت و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار، چابهار، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
بررسی توزیع جغرافیایی پزشکان در دستیابی به عدالت اجتماعی و کاهش نابرابری ضروری است لذا دراین مطالعه وضعیت توزیع پزشکان، پزشکان عمومی و متخصص برحسب جمعیت و شاخص‌های تعدیل نیاز در استان خراسان رضوی بررسی شد.
روش کار
مطالعه حاضر توصیفی- مقطعی و کاربردی است و جامعه آماری شامل پزشکان، پزشکان عمومی، پزشکان متخصص و فوق تخصص شهرستان‌های استان خراسان رضوی در سال‌های 1385، 1390 و 1395 بود که نمونه‌گیری انجام نشد. داده‌های موردنیاز از سالنامه‌های آماری مرکز آمار ایران استخراج و شاخص‌های جینی و رابین‌هود بر اساس جمعیت و شاخص‌های نیاز در نرم‌افزارهای Stata 14 و Excel 2019 انجام شد.
نتایج
نسبت پزشک، پزشک متخصص و عمومی به ازای ده هزار نفر در استان به ترتیب در سال ۱۳۹۵ برابر با 08/5، 12/2 و 84/1 بود که علیرغم رشد بالا نسبت به سال‌های قبل از متوسط کل کشور کمتر بود. ضریب جینی برای پزشک، پزشک متخصص و عمومی برحسب جمعیت در سال 1385 به ترتیب برابر با 38/0، 13/0 و 71/0 بود که در سال 1395 به 24/0، 06/0 و 69/0 کاهش یافت همچنین توزیع پزشکان و پزشکان متخصص بر اساس شاخص‌های تعدیل نیاز بسیار نابرابرتر از شاخص جمعیت بود.
نتیجه گیری
نابرابری پزشک، پزشک متخصص و عمومی برحسب جمعیت کاهش یافت لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود در بلندمدت سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌هایی جهت افزایش تعداد پزشکان از طریق افزایش سهمیه در دانشگاه‌ها جهت خدمت طولانی‌مدت در استان و همچنین جذب پزشکان با مشوق‌های لازم اتخاذ شود همچنین در کوتاه‌مدت توزیع موقت پزشکان متخصص و فوق تخصص بین شهرستان‌های استان پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Geographical Distribution of General and Specialist Physicians per Population and Need Adjustment Indix in Khorasan Razavi Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Shahraki
  • Simin Ghaderi
Assistant professor, Department of Economic, Faculty of Management and Human Science, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: geographical distribution of physicians is essential for achieving social justice and reducing inequality. In this study, the distribution of physicians, general practitioners and specialist according to population and need adjustment index in Khorasan Razavi province was investigated.
Materials and Methods: This was descriptive, cross-sectional and applied study including all of physicians, general practitioners and specialist of Khorasan Razavi province in 2006, 2011 and 2016 that Sampling was not done. Data were extracted from the yearbooks of Statistical Center of Iran and Gini and Robin Hood indices based on population and need adjustment index were calculated in Stata 14 and Excel 2019 software.
Results: The ratio of physician, specialist and general practitioners per 10000 population in the province was 5.08, 2.12 and 1.84, respectively, which was lower than the national average despite high growth. Gini coefficient for physician, specialist and general practitioner by population in 2006 was 0.38, 0.13 and 0.71 respectively, which decreased to 0.24, 0.06 and 0.69 in 2016, respectively. The distribution of physicians and specialist based on the need adjustment index was also more unequal than the population index.
Conclusion: Inequality of physician, specialist and general practitioners per population has decreased, so it is recommended to adopt long-term policies and programs to increase the number of physicians by increasing the quota in universities for long-term service in the province as well as recruiting physicians with the necessary incentives. Also In the short term, it is recommended to distribute specialist between cities temporarily.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gini coefficient
  • Robin Hood index
  • Need adjustment index
  • Health workforce
  • General practitioners

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 63، شماره 3
مرداد و شهریور 1399
صفحه 2267-2277

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