مقایسه اثربخشی تصویرسازی از طریق باز پردازش اطلاعات و درمان خاطره پردازی انسجامی بر امید به زندگی و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان آستانه اشرفیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی عمومی ،گروه روان شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تنکابن ، ایران.(نویسنده مسئول)

چکیده

مقدمه
مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه­ اثربخشی درمان تصویرسازی از طریق بازپردازش اطلاعات و درمان خاطره پردازی انسجامی بر امید به زندگی و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان انجام شد. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع گروه گواه با پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و پیگیری سه ماهه بود.
روش کار
جامعه آماری این مطالعه شامل کلیه­ افراد 60 سال به بالا مقیم در خانه سالمندان واقع در استان گیلان بودند. 60 نفر از افراد واجد شرایط بر اساس معیارهای ورود و خروج و به شیوه نمونه­گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمایش و گواه جایگزین شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها مقیاس امید به زندگی اسنایدر (1991) و پرسشنامه احساس تنهایی دهشیری و همکاران (1387) بود. هر دو گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه، با استفاده از ابزار پژوهش مورد پیش آزمون قرار گرفتند. سپس مداخله ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﭘﺮدازی انسجامی طی شش جلسه و مداخله تصویرسازی ازطریق بازپردازش اطلاعات طی هفت جلسه برای گروه های آزمایش مختص خود، اجرا شد. در پایان مداخلات هر دو گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه، با استفاده از ابزار پژوهش مورد پس آزمون قرار گرفتند. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
نتایج
یافته ها نشان داد درمان خاطره پردازی انسجامی نسبت به تصویرسازی از طریق بازپردازش اطلاعات در میزان افزایش متغیر امید به زندگی اثربخشی بیشتری دارد (05/0>P). همچنین، درمان خاطره پردازی انسجامی و تصویرسازی از طریق بازپردازش اطلاعات در میزان افزایش متغیر کیفیت زندگی اثربخشی برابر دارند (05/0>P). این نتایج، در پیگیری سه ماهه حفظ شدند.
نتیجه گیری
با توجه اثربخشی بیشتر خاطره پردازی بر امید به زندگی پیشنهاد می شود این مداخله به عنوان تکنیکی با قابلیت اجرای آسان مورد توجه کارشناسان سلامت روان در مراکز نگهداری سالمندان قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effectiveness of imaging through information reprocessing and treatment of coherent reminiscence on life expectancy and quality of life of the elderly in Astana Ashrafieh

نویسندگان [English]

  • seyyade fatemeh Alimoradi Astane 1
  • Javad Khalatbari 2
1 PhD student General Psychology , Department of Psychology , Central Tehran Branch, , Islamic Azad University, Tehran , Iran.
2 Associate Professor ، Department of Psychology , Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.( Corresponding author)
چکیده [English]

Introduction
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of imaging therapy through information reprocessing and coherent memory therapy on life expectancy and quality of life in the elderly. The research method was quasi-experimental with a control group with pre-test, post-test and quarterly follow-up.
Method
The statistical population of this study included all people aged 60 years and older living in a nursing home located in Gilan province. Sixty eligible individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and by simple random sampling and were replaced in experimental and control groups. Data collection tools were Snyder Life expectancy scale (1991) and Dehshiri et al. (2008) Loneliness Questionnaire. Both experimental and control groups were pre-tested using research tools. Then, cohesive harmonization intervention was performed in six sessions and illustration intervention through information reprocessing was performed in seven sessions for their own experimental groups. At the end of the intervention, both experimental and control groups were post-tested using research tools. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Results
The results showed that the treatment of coherent reminiscence was more effective than imaging through information reprocessing in increasing the life expectancy variable (P <0.05). Also, the treatment of coherent memory and imagery through information reprocessing have equal effectiveness in increasing the quality of life variable (P <0.05). These results were maintained at quarterly follow-up.
Conclusion
Due to the greater effectiveness of reminiscence on life expectancy, it is suggested that this intervention be considered as a technique with easy implementation by mental health experts in nursing homes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • information processing information
  • coherent reminiscence
  • life expectancy
  • quality of life

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 64، شماره 4
مهر و آبان 1400
صفحه 3480-3493

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