Memmini AK, Van Pelt KL, Wicklund AH, Breedlove KM, Broglio SP. Evaluating adult decision-making
modifiers in support of youth contact sports participation. Journal of Athletic Training. 2021 Jul.
https://scholar.harvard.edu/kbreedlove/publications/evaluating-adult-decision-making-modifierssupport-youth-contact-sports
2. Lee, S., Baek, H., & Nicholson, J. (2020a). Youth sport participation and underage drinking behavior: the
mediating effect of self-esteem. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2283-2293.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344494409_Youth_sport_participation_and_underage_drinkin
g_behavior_the_mediating_effect_of_self-esteem.
3. Drenowatz, C., & Greier, K. (2019). Cross‐ sectional and longitudinal association of sports participation,
media consumption and motor competence in youth. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports,
29(6), 854-861. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sms.13400.
4. khodaparast S, Bakhshalipour V, Monfared Fatideh F. The Relationship between Social Capital and Sport
Participation in Elderly Men of Lahijan City in 2019. joge. 2020; 5 (2) :13-23. http://joge.ir/article-1-378-
fa.html
5. Drenowatz, C., Greier, K., Ruedl, G., & Kopp, M. (2019). Association between club sports participation
and physical fitness across 6-to 14-year-old Austrian youth. International journal of environmental
research and public health, 16(18), 3392. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766075.
6. Ouyang, Y., Wang, K., Zhang, T., Peng, L., Song, G., & Luo, J. (2020). The influence of sports
participation on body image, self-efficacy, and self-esteem in college students. Frontiers in psychology,
10, 1-10. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03039/full
7. Raspovic, A. M., Prichard, I., Yager, Z., & Hart, L. M. (2020). Mothers’ experiences of the relationship
between body image and exercise, 0–5 years postpartum: A qualitative study. Body Image, 35, 41-52.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32892146/
8. Prichard, I., Kavanagh, E., Mulgrew, K. E., Lim, M. S., & Tiggemann, M. (2020). The effect of Instagram#
fitspiration images on young women’s mood, body image, and exercise behaviour. Body Image, 33, 1-6.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32062021/
9. Parschau, L., Fleig, L., Koring, M., Lange, D., Knoll, N., Schwarzer, R., & Lippke, S. (2013). Positive
experience, self‐ efficacy, and action control predict physical activity changes: A moderated mediation
analysis. British journal of health psychology, 18(2), 395-406.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23013288/
10. Ahmadi, S., Mokhtari, M., Zarei, H. Structural Equation Model of the Relationship between Self-Esteem
and Attitude to Sport with Sports Participation of Women. Applied Research in Sport Management, 2016;
4(3): 41-51. http://arsmb.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_2470.html?lang=en
11. Ertl, M. M., Longo, L. M., Groth, G. H., Berghuis, K. J., Prout, J., Hetz, M. C., & Martin, J. L. (2018).
Running on empty: high self-esteem as a risk factor for exercise addiction. Addiction Research & Theory,
26(3), 205-211. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/16066359.2017.1347257
12. Semenchuk, B. N., Strachan, S. M., & Fortier, M. (2018). Self-compassion and the self-regulation of
exercise: Reactions to recalled exercise setbacks. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 40(1), 31-39.
https://self-compassion.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Semenchuk2018.pdf
13. Mousavi Gilani S R, Dashipour A. The Effects of Physical Activity on Self-Esteem: A Comparative Study,
Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2017 ; 6(1):e35955. doi: 10.5812/ijhrba.35955. https://sites. kowsarpub.
com/ijhrba/ articles/13221.html
14. Gummelt, G. S. (2017). The emotional needs of women in sports: An exploration of self-efficacy, selfcompassion, and self-conscious emotions. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 2017(Special
Issue), 57-71. http://self-compassion.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gummelt2017.pdf
15. Nosrati, E., taklavi, S. The relation of emotional schemas and body image with the regulation woman’s
athletic behavior. Sports Psychology, 2020; 5(1): 85-99. doi: 10.29252/mbsp.5.1.85. https://mbsp.
sbu.ac.ir/index. php/ShieHistory/ article_99847.html?lang=en
16. Gothe, N. P., Erlenbach, E., & Engels, H. J. (2021). Exercise and self-esteem model: Validity in a sample
of healthy female adolescents. Current Psychology, 1-9.
https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/exercise-and-self-esteem-model-validity-in-a-sample-ofhealthy-fe.
17. Wong, M.-Y.C.; Chung, P.-K.; Leung, K.-M. Examining the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model Revised
with Self-Compassion among Hong Kong Secondary School Students Using Structural Equation
Modeling. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3661. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073661
18. Piri, M., Ahar, S., Mahmoudi, A. The Comparison of Gender Differences in Athletic Students’ Sports
Participation Motivation. Journal of Instruction and Evaluation, 2015; 8(29): 109-123. https://www.
sid.ir/en/Journal/ ViewPaper. aspx? ID=477348
19. Mostafavirad, F., Dehghan Ardekani, Z. Predicting Mental Health Based on the Personality Characteristics
and Body image of High School Female Adults Students. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 2019;
10(37): 331-364. http://jzvj.miau.ac.ir/m/article_3406.html?lang=en
20. Mohammadi N, takarli F, khodaveisi M, soltanian A. The Effect of Peer Educational Program on the SelfEfficacy of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized‐ Controlled Trial. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery
Care. 2017; 25 (2): 36-44. http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1598-fa.html.
21. Rezaei T, Bayani A A, Shariatnia K. The prediction of mental health based on variables of Self-esteem,
life satisfaction and hope among College students. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2015; 3 (3) :242-
252. http://journal. ihepsa.ir/ article-1-253-en.html.
22. Toselli, S., & Spiga, F. (2017). Sport practice, physical structure, and body image among university
students. Journal of eating disorders, 5(1), 1-9.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320453762_Sport_practice_physical_structure_and_body_ima
ge_among_university_students
23. Appelqvist-Schmidlechner, K., Vaara, J., Häkkinen, A., Vasankari, T., Mäkinen, J., Mäntysaari, M., &
Kyröläinen, H. (2018). Relationships between youth sports participation and mental health in young
adulthood among Finnish males. American journal of health promotion, 32(7), 1502-1509.
https://pubmed.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/29268622/
24. Kariminejad K, Mansouri L, Movahedi M, Hosseini H. The Effectiveness of Self-Efficacy Training on
Self-Esteem and Achievement Motivation in Women with Disabilities of Welfare Organization of
Khoramabad City. Socialworkmag. 2018; 6 (4) :43-50.http://socialworkmag.ir/article-1-312-fa.html.
25. Russo, G., Nigro, F., Raiola, G., & Ceciliani, A. (2019). Self-esteem in physically active middle school
students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 1984-1988. https:// www.researchgate.
net/publication/ 340088480_ Self-esteem_ in_physically_ active_middle_ school_ students