اثربخشی روش آیدنتی‌پلی بر بهبود توجه مشترک در کودکان اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال طیف اوتیسم، مهارت‌های ارتباطی و پاسخ مناسب فرد به محیط بیرون را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اثربخشی روش آیدنتی‌پلی بر بهبود توجه مشترک در کودکان اتیسم انجام شد.
روش کار: پژوهش از نوع پژوهش‌های مورد منفرد با طرح A-B و پیگیری بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق کودکان دارایِ اختلال طیف اوتیسم مرکز توانبخشی شهر تهران بود. از آن جا که پژوهش، به دنبال موارد خاص و یا غیرمعمول بود، از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد. بر این اساس 3 کودک که به تشخیص روانپزشک اطفال و روان‌شناس کودک، علائم و نشانه‌های اختلال اوتیسم را داشتند، به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش آزمون تشخیص اوتیسم گیلیام (2006) و پروتکل آیدنتی‌پلی براساس رویکرد فیلیپس و بیوان (2007) بود. در پژوهش حاضر برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های تحلیل نمودار، شاخص تغییر پایا، معناداری بالینی، درصد بهبودی شاخص‌های POD، PND و محاسبه محفظه ثبات روند و میانه استفاده شد.
نتایج: نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان داد که روش آیدنتی‌پلی بر بهبود توجه مشترک در کودکان اتیسم اثربخش بود. نتایج نشان داد که آیدنتی‌پلی به طور قابل توجهی موجب بهبود توجه مشترک کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم می‌شود.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اثربخشی روش ایدنتی پلی بر کودکان اتیسم پیشنهاد می‌شود از این روش به عنوان روی-آوردی جدید و مکمل در حوزه آموزش و توان‌بخشی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم در کنار سایر درمان-های اصلی استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Identiplay Method on Improving Joint Attention in Children with Autism

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Faramarzi 1
  • Siamak Samani 2
  • Sajjad Amini Manesh 3
  • Banafsheh Omidvar 4
1 PhD student, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Autism spectrum disorder affects a person's communication skills and response to the external environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of IDP's method on improving joint attention in children with autism. The research was a single case study with A-B design and follow-up. The statistical population of this study was children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran Rehabilitation Center. Since the present study was looking for specific or unusual cases, purposive sampling method was used. Based on this, 3 children who, according to the pediatric psychiatrist and child psychologist, had signs and symptoms of autism, were selected as the study sample. The data collection tools in this study were Gilliam (2006) Autism Diagnosis Test and Identiplay Protocol based on the approach of Phillips and Biwan (2007). In the present study, for data analysis, chart analysis methods, stable change index, clinical significance, percentage improvement of POD, PND indices and calculation of trend and intermediate stability chamber were used. The results of the study showed that the Identiplay method was effective in improving joint attention in children with autism. The results showed that Identiplay significantly improved the joint attention of children with autism spectrum disorder. Thus, it is suggested that this method be used as a new and complementary approach in the field of education and rehabilitation of children with autism spectrum disorder along with other major therapies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Autism
  • Identity
  • Joint Attention
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