مقایسه اثربخشی طرح‌واره درمانی و شفقت درمانی بر خود انتقادی و استیگما در مبتلایان به ویروس نقص ایمنی انسان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی سلامت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 گروه روانشناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

3 گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

4 گروه عفونی، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارتش، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: ویروس نقص ایمنی از جمله مسائلی است که می تواند مشکلات روانشناختی نیز ایجاد کند، بنابراین بایستی روش های درمان مشکلات روانی این بیماران مشخص بشود. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی طرح‌واره درمانی و شفقت درمانی بر خود انتقادی و استیگما در مبتلایان به ویروس نقص ایمنی (اچ آی وی) انسان بود.
روش: پژوهش حاضر، یک طرح نیمه‌آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون – پس‌‌‌‌آزمون با دو گروه آزمایش (طرح‌واره درمانی و شفقت درمانی) و یک گروه کنترل با آزمون پیگیری 3 ماهه بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل تمامی افراد مبتلا به ویروس نقص ایمنی انسان (+HIV) که هنوز به مرحله ایدز نرسیده و در بیمارستان امام خمینی (ره) شهر تهران در بازه زمانی سال 1401-1402 که دارای پرونده بودند و جهت دریافت خدمات درمانی و بهداشتی به این مرکز مراجعه نمودند. روش نمونه‌گیری در ‌این پژوهش ابتدا به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند بود و 60 نفر (هر گروه 20 نفر) به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. از تحلیل آمیخته با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 26 برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که هم طرحواره درمانی و هم شفقت درمانی بر کاهش خود انتقادی و استیگما اثربخش بودند (001>p). همچنین نتایج نشان داد که اثربخشی شفقت درمانی بر کاهش خودانتقادی و طرحواره درمانی بر کاهش آستیگما بیشتر بود (001>p).
نتیجه گیری: هر دو روان‌درمانی طرحواره درمانی و شفقت درمانی دارای اثربخشی موثری هستند و لزوم توجه به این دو مداخله در چالش‌های روان‌شناختی مبتلایان به ویروس نقص ایمنی (اچ آی وی) انسان ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and compassion therapy on self-criticism and stigma in patients with human immunodeficiency virus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Elmi 1
  • Sheida Sodagar 1
  • Marjan Hossein-Zadeh Taqvaei 2
  • Afshin Salahian 3
  • Seyyed Javad Hoseini Shokouh 4
1 Department of Health Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Army University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: HIV is one of the problems that can cause psychological problems, so the methods of treating the psychological problems of these patients should be determined. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and compassion therapy on self-criticism and stigma in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Method: The present study was a semi-experimental design of pre-test-post-test type with two experimental groups (schema therapy and compassion therapy) and a control group with a 3-month follow-up test. The statistical population of this research includes all the people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (+HIV) who have not yet reached the stage of AIDS and who were in Imam Khomeini (RA) hospital in Tehran in the period of 1401-1402, who had a case file and to receive medical services and They referred to this center. The sampling method in this research was firstly targeted sampling and 60 people (20 people in each group) were selected as a sample. Mixed analysis with repeated measurements with SPSS version 26 software was used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that both schema therapy and compassion therapy were effective in reducing self-criticism and stigma (p<001). Also, the results showed that the effectiveness of compassion therapy on reducing self-criticism and schema therapy on reducing astigmatism was higher (p<001).
Conclusion: Both schema therapy and compassion therapy are effective and it is necessary to pay attention to these two interventions in the psychological challenges of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sufferers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • stigma
  • self-criticism
  • compassion therapy
  • schema therapy
  • immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

مراجع

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 67، شماره 4
مهر-آبان1403
مهر و آبان 1403
صفحه 1275-1288

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