اثر ترکیبی تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا و رژیم غذایی با محدودیت کربوهیدارت بر ترکیب بدن و آمادگی هوازی در بزرگسالان با وزن طبیعی، دارای اضافه وزن و چاق: یک مرور نظام مند و فراتحلیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: شیوع چاقی و اضافه‌وزن در بزرگسالان روبه افزایش است که تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا (HIIT) و رژیم غذایی با محدودیت کربوهیدرات (CRD) ممکن است مداخله مؤثری برای بهبود ترکیب بدن و حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی باشد. از این رو، هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر ترکیبی تمرین تناوبی با شدت بالا و رژیم غذایی با محدودیت کربوهیدارت بر ترکیب بدن و آمادگی هوازی در بزرگسالان با وزن طبیعی، دارای اضافه وزن و چاق است.
روش کار: جستجوی جامع در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی پابمد، وب آو ساینس، جهاد دانشگاهی، مگیران و گوگل اسکولار برای مقالات منتشر شده تا ژانویه 2023 انجام شد. فراتحلیل برای بررسی اثر ترکیبی HIIT و CRD بر ترکیب بدن بزرگسالان انجام شد. تفاوت میانگین استاندارد شده (SMD) یا تفاوت میانگین وزنی (WMD) و فاصله اطمینان 95 درصد با استفاده از مدل اثر تصادفی محاسبه شد.
نتایج: نتایج 13 مطالعه با 173 آزمودنی نشان داد که HITT و CRD سبب کاهش معنادار وزن بدن ]001/0P= ، 23/4-[، BMI ]001/0P= ، 14/1- [، درصد چربی بدن ]001/0 P=، 18/3-[، توده چربی بدن ]001/0 P=، 94/2- [در بزرگسالان با وزن طبیعی، دارای اضافه وزن و چاق می‌شود. اما این دو مداخله باعث تغییر توده عضلانی ]8/0 P=، 1/0- [نمی‌شود.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: استفاده از رژیم غذایی کم کربوهیدرات به همراه تمرینات تناوبی با شدت بالا می‌تواند منجر به کاهش وزن و بهبود ترکیب بدن در بزرگسالان با وزن طبیعی، دارای اضافه وزن و چاق شود. همچنین این دو مداخله به صورت همزمان می‌تواند بر عملکرد هوازی اثرات بهینه‌ای داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Combined effect of carbohydrate-restricted diet and high-intensity interval training on body composition in normal weight,, overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Kazeminasab 1
  • Nasim Behzadnejad 2
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in adults is increasing, so high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD) may be an effective intervention to improve body composition and maximal oxygen consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the combined effect of high-intensity interval training and carbohydrate-restricted diet on body composition and aerobic fitness in normal weight, overweight, and obese adults.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the information databases of PubMed, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar for articles published up to January 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the combined effect of HIIT and CRD on body composition in adults. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated using random effect model.
Results: The results of 13 studies with 173 subjects showed that HIIT and low-carbohydrate diet caused a significant decrease in body weight [-4.23, P=0.001], BMI [-1.14, P=0.001], body fat percentage [-3.18, P=0.001], fat mass [-2.94, P=0.001] becomes obese in normal weight, overweight, and obese adults. But these two interventions do not change the muscle mass [-0.1, P=0.8].
Conclusion: Using a low-carbohydrate diet along with HIIT can lead to weight loss and body composition improvement in normal weight, overweight and obese adults. Also, these two interventions simultaneously can exert optimal effects on aerobic performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • high intensity interval training
  • low carbohydrate diet
  • body composition
  • aerobic fitness

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 67، شماره 3
مرداد-شهریور1403
مرداد و شهریور 1403
صفحه 925-942

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