تحلیل فضا-زمانی و اپیدمیولوژیک تماس با فوریتهای خدمات پزشکی(EMS) به‌علت فشار خون بالا با استفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) در شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: خدمات فوریت‌های پزشکی(EMS) ، اولین نقطه خدمات‌رسانی برای افرادی است که در شرایط بحرانی بوده و به خدمات اورژانسی نیاز دارند و فشار خون بالا، یکی از عوامل مهم مرگ‌و‌میر در ایران و جهان می‌باشد.
روش: این پژوهش کاربردی و توصیفی–تحلیلی با استفاده از آمار فضایی و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)، به تحلیل فضا-زمانی اپیدمیولوژیک فشارخون در شهر مشهد پرداخته است. جامعه آماری، کل تعداد مبتلایان به بیماری فشار خون (3555 نفر)، در محدوده قانونی شهر مشهد می‌باشند که در بازه زمانی سال‌های 2018 الی2019 با مرکز EMS تماس گرفته‌اند. برای شناسایی الگوی مکانی بیماری فشار خون، در تحلیل الگوی توزیع فضایی از تکنیک‌های عارضه مرکزی، منحنی انحراف استاندارد، تحلیل خوشه‌بندی زیاد/کم، تحلیل لکه‌های داغ، شاخص موران جهانی و محلی و تحلیل تراکم کِرنل برای تجزیه و تحلیل و چگونگی الگوی توزیع فضایی بیماری فشار خون، توسط سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی به‌کار رفته است.
نتایج: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که شاخص تحلیل خوشه‌بندی در الگوی فضایی، به‌صورت خوشه‌بندی شدید می‌باشد. مدل تخمین تراکم کرنل در بازه زمانی 2018 الی 2019 نشان داد که، بیشترین مناطق درگیر بیماری‌های فشار خون، شامل مناطق شمال شرقی به سمت مرکز شهر مشهد بوده که بیماران مبتلا به فشار خون بالا یا پایین، به‌صورت خوشه‌های داغ و یا سرد تجمع یافته‌اند.
نتیجه‌گیری: با استفاده از نتایج تحلیلی این پژوهش، شناخت جامعی از کانون‌های بیماری فشار خون، و الگوهای فضایی و پراکنش جغرافیایی سلامت، در شهر مشهد، حاصل شده است که می‌تواند در اقدامات پیشگیرانه مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatio-temporal and epidemiological geographic information system (GIS)-based analysis of high blood pressure-related calls to emergency medical services (EMS) in Mashhad.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Mohammadi 1
  • Parya Nasiri 2
  • Roya Moghabeli 2
1 Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is the first point of service for people who are in critical conditions and need emergency services, and high blood pressure is one of the most important causes of death in Iran and the world.
Method: This applied and descriptive-analytical research, using spatial statistics and geographic information system (GIS), analyzed the epidemiologic space-time of blood pressure in the city of Mashhad. The statistical population, the total number of blood pressure patients (3555 people), are within the city of Mashhad, who contacted the EMS center between 2018 and 2019. To identify the spatial pattern of blood pressure disease, in the analysis of the spatial distribution pattern of central complication techniques, standard deviation curve, high/low clustering analysis, hot spot analysis, global and local Moran index and kernel density analysis to analyze and how the pattern Spatial distribution of blood pressure disease has been used by GIS.
Results: The findings show that the index of clustering analysis in the spatial pattern is in the form of severe clustering. Cornell's density estimation model showed that the most areas involved in blood pressure diseases include the northeastern areas towards the center of Mashhad city, where patients with high or low blood pressure have gathered in hot or cold clusters.
Conclusion: By using the analytical results, a comprehensive understanding of the centers of blood pressure disease, and the spatial patterns and geographical distribution of health, in Mashhad city, has been achieved, which can be taken into account in preventive measures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatio-temporal Analysis
  • High blood pressure
  • Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
  • Geographic Information System (GIS)
  • Mashhad city

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 67، شماره 4
مهر-آبان1403
مهر و آبان 1403
صفحه 1236-1249

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