تدوین مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور و مقایسه اثربخشی آن با درمان تعامل والد-کودک در کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اتیسم (عملکرد بالا): یک مطالعه آزمایشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 استاد روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، واحد تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: یکی از برنامه‌های به نسبت جدید آموزشی به‌ منظور کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان، برنامه‌ی «التقاطی خانواده‌محور» است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تدوین مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور و مقایسه اثربخشی آن با درمان تعامل والد-کودک در کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم است.
روش‌کار: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر کنترل متغیرها از نوع آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون – پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، شامل کلیه‌ی کودکان با اختلالات طیف اتیسم (عملکرد بالا) در مرکز درمانی تهران اتیسم است که طی پاییز و زمستان سال 1398 خدمات دریافت می‌کردند. به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 36 نفر انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی در سه گروه برنامه‌ی تعامل والد-کودک ( PCIT)، مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور و گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه رفتار کودک آیبرگ استفاده و برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش آماری تحلیل کوواریانس با نرم‌افزار 25SPSS استفاده شده است.
نتایج: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بین میانگین متغیر مشکلات رفتاری کودک در گروه مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور نسبت به برنامه‌ی تعامل والد-کودک ( PCIT) و گروه کنترل تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد، بدین معنا که مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور نسبت به برنامه‌ی تعامل والد-کودک ( PCIT) در کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان با اختلالات طیف اتیسم (عملکرد بالا) اثربخش‌تر است.
نتیجه‌گیری: درنتیجه می‌توان مدل التقاطی خانواده‌محور را جایگزین مناسب‌تری برای انجام مداخلات روان‌شناختی برای کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان با اختلالات طیف اتیسم (عملکرد بالا) در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing a Family-Centered Eclectic Model and Comparing its Effectiveness with Parent-Child Interaction Therapy in Improving Parent-Child Relationship and Reducing Behavioral Problems in Children with Autism

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nooshin Fayezi 1
  • Mohammad Narimani 2
  • Seifollah Aghajani 3
  • Sajjad Basharpoor 2
  • Hamid Reza Pouretemad 4
1 Ph.D. Student of psychology, Department of Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor of psychology, Department of Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
4 Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: One of the new educational programs to reduce children's behavioral problems is the "eclectic family-centered" program. This study aimed to develop an eclectic family-centered model and compare its effectiveness with parent-child interaction therapy in reducing behavioral problems in children with autism.
Materials and Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and experimental in terms of controlling variables with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all children with autism spectrum disorders in Tehran Autism Medical Center located in Tehran. In this study, the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) was used and the statistical method of analysis of covariance with SPSS-25 software was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of child behavioral problems in the eclectic family-centered model group compared to the Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and the control group, meaning that the eclectic family-centered model was more effective in reducing children's behavioral problems.
Conclusion: As a result, the eclectic family-centered model can be considered as a more appropriate alternative in psychological interventions to reduce the behavioral problems of children with autism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parent-Child Relations
  • Problem Behavior
  • Autism

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 68، شماره 6
بهمن-اسفند1404
بهمن و اسفند 1404
صفحه 1687-1697

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