مقایسه چگالی ماده سفید و خاکستری مغز،عملکرد شناختی و برخی فاکتورهای‌ آمادگی جسمانی در زنان سالمند فعال و کم‌تحرک

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

2 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

3 استادیارگروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه رادیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات تصویربرداری پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
هدف از مطالعه حاضر مقایسه چگالی ماده سفید و خاکستری مغز، عملکرد شناختی و برخی فاکتور‌های آمادگی جسمانی در زنان سالمند فعال و کم‌تحرک بود.
روش کار
مطالعه حاضر، پژوهشی علی مقایسه ای بود. جامعه آماری مدنظر سالمندان عضو کانون جهاندیدگان شهر شیراز بودند.از بین آن‌ها25 زن سالمند با دامنه­ی سنی86-60 سال به صورت داوطلبانه (با میانگین قد 63/155 سانتیمتر، وزن 65/64 کیلوگرم و BMI 28/27 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) شرکت داشتند. آزمودنی­ها پرسشنامه ارزیابی وضعیت ذهنی (فلستین و همکاران 1975) را جهت ارزیابی دمانس واندازه گیری نمره عملکرد شناختی تکمیل کردند. تصاویر MRI از سر آزمودنی­ها جهت بررسی چگالی ماده سفید و خاکستری به دست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل تصاویر به روش ریخت سنجی بر اساس وکسل (آشبرونر و فریستو 1997) انجام شد. علاوه براین با استفاده از پرسشنامه فعالیت بدنی بک (1982) نمره فعالیت بدنی آزمودنی­ها به دست آمد و آزمودنی­ها به صورت هدفمند دو گروه فعال و کم­ تحرک تقسیم شدند. آزمون‎های عملکردی استقامت عضلانی، قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و پایین­تنه و انعطاف­پذیری بالاتنه و پایین­تنه اجرا شد.
نتایج
چگالی ماده سفید و خاکستری مغز و نمره عملکرد شناختی بین دو گروه فعال و کم تحرک، تفاوت معناداری نداشت. اما میانگین نمره فعالیت بدنی و شاخص­های آمادگی جسمانی، استقامت عضلانی، قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و انعطاف­پذیری بالاتنه درگروه فعال به طور معناداری بیش از گروه کم­تحرک بود.
نتیجه­ گیری
بین دو گروه فعال و کم­تحرک از نظر چگالی ماده سفید و خاکستری کل مغز تفاوتی مشاهده نشد. در صورتی که اگر این امکان وجود داشت که مقایسه ناحیه‎ای و بین اجزا مغز انجام میشد، احتمالا تفاوت معنی داری مشاهده میشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Compare the density of white and gray matter of the brain, cognitive function and some physical fitness factors in active and low active elderly women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somaye Tahmasebi 1
  • Mohamad Reza Hamedinia 2
  • Roya Askari 3
  • Morteza Hajinia 4
  • Reza Jalli 5
1 MSc Student, Department of Physiology of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Professor of Physiology Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Physiology of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
4 PhD student, Department of Physiology of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
5 Associate Professor of Radiology Dept., Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the white and gray matter of the brain, cognitive function and some physical fitness factors active and low active elderly women.
Materials and Methods: This study was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population was the elderly of the members of the Jahanideh Shahr club. Among them, 25 elderly women aged 60-86 years were volunteered (average height 155.63 cm, weight 65.64 kg, and BMI 28.27 kg / m2).. Subjects completed the Mental Status Questionnaire (Feltin et al., 1975) for assessing dementia and measuring cognitive performance score. MRI images were obtained from the subjects to examine the white matter and gray matter content. The analysis of the images was done by Voxel-based morphometric method (Ashbourne and Fristo 1997). In addition, physical activity score of Beck (Baecke & et al 1982) was measured and the subjects were divided Purposefully into active and low active groups. Functional tests of upper and lower muscular endurance and strength and lower extremity flexibility were performed.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups (active and low active) in density of the white and gray matter of the brain and the cognitive performance score. However, the mean score of physical activity and physical fitness indices, muscular endurance, upper strength and upper flexibility in the active group was significantly more than that of the low active group.
Conclusion: There was no difference between the two active and non-active groups in white matter and gray matter of the whole brain. However, if there was a possibility of a regional comparison between the components of the brain, probably, a significant difference could be observed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • elderly
  • active & sedentary
  • white matter
  • grey matter
  • cognitive function

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 61، شماره 6
بهمن و اسفند 1397
صفحه 1303-1313

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