ابعاد نظری و کاربردی تبعیت از درمان در بیماران: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دکتری روانشناسی، دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اردبیل، اردبیل، اردبیل

3 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
تبعیت از درمان یکی از مهم­ترین موضوع­ها در زمینه بیماری­های جسمی و روانی است که در ایران توجه کمی به آن شده است. بسیاری از بیماران پایبند درمان نیستند و دستورات پزشک را نادیده می­گیرند که باعث مشکلات اقتصادی، جسمی و فرهنگی برای فرد، خانواده و جامعه می­شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی ابعاد نظری و کاربردی تبعیت از درمان در نظام مراقبت سلامت بود.
روش کار
روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی تحلیلی است. بدین نحو که  مقالات مرتبط با ادبیات نظری و پژوهشی مرتبط با پایبندی به درمان در پایگاه‎های اطلاعاتی Scholar Google ،Nursing index ،Elsevier،psychinfo  Proquest،Scopus و کتاب­های موجود در این زمینه جست جو شد.  جستجوی مقالات در بازه زمانی از سال 1990 تا 2019 میلادی و با استفاده از کلید واژه­های تبعیت از درمان و بیمار و نظریه و الگو به صورت ترکیبی انجام شد.
نتایج
نتایج پژوهش­های مختلف نشان داد که عدم تبعیت از درمان در بسیاری از اختلالات می‎تواند صدمات جبران ناپذیری را وارد نماید. مدل رفتاری اندرسون و مدل عقل سلیم از مدل­های موجود در حوزه تبعیت از درمان است که می‎توانند استفاده­های درمانی و کاربردی داشته باشند. کودکان، سالمندان و بیماران با مشکلات روانشناختی از جمله گروه­هایی هستند که  میزان تبعیت از درمان در میان آنها پایین است.
نتیجه ­گیری
بر اساس نتایج حاصل، پزشکان و متخصصان باید با بکارگیری و اجرای مدل­های تبعیت از درمان به تقویت آن در بیماران کمک کنند، چرا که عدم توجه به این پدیده به خصوص در برخی از گروه‎ها با پیامدهای منفی فردی و اجتماعی بسیاری همراه خواهد بود.  

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Theoretical and Practical Dimensions of Adherence to Treatment in Patients: A Review Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nilufar Mikaili 1
  • Mohammad Ali Ghasemi 2
  • Sousan Salari 3
  • Zahra Sakeni 4
1 Associate professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardabil, Iran
2 PhD student in psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 PhD student in clinical psychology, University of Shahed, Tehran, Iran
4 Kashan University of medical sciences and Health services Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: Adherence to treatment is one of the most important issues in the field of physical and mental illnesses that have received little attention in Iran. Many patients do not adhere to treatment and ignore the doctor's instructions, which this is associated with economic, physical, and cultural problems for the individual, family, and community. The purpose of this study was to investigate the theoretical and practical dimensions of adherence to treatment in the health care system.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. Articles related to theoretical and research literature on adherence to treatment were searched in the databases of Scholar Google, Nursing index, Elsevier, Scopus, and also the related books. Articles were searched from 1990 to 2019 using the keywords of adherence to treatment and the patient, and theories and models were combined.
Results: The results of various studies showed that non-adherence to treatment in many disorders can cause irreparable damage. Anderson's behavioral model and common sense model are models of treatment adherence that can have therapeutic and practical uses. Children, the elderly, and patients with psychological problems are among the groups with low adherence to treatment.
Conclusion: Based on the results, physicians and specialists should help patients to improve their adherence to treatment by applying and adhering models in this context, as neglecting this phenomenon will have many negative individual and social consequences especially in some groups.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Patient
  • Adherence
  • Treatment
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