اثربخشی واقعیت درمانی گروهی بر افکار خودآیند منفی و انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی مراجعین افسرده مراکز مشاوره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال افسردگی از آن دست اختلالاتی است که پردازش‌های شناختی، روان‌شناختی و هیجانی مبتلایان را تحت تاثیر منفی خود قرار می‌دهد. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی واقعیت درمانی گروهی بر افکار خودآیند منفی و انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی مراجعین افسرده مراکز مشاوره انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه و دوره پیگیری دوماهه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل مراجعان دارای اختلال افسردگی بودند که در فصول پاییز و زمستان سال 1398 به مراکز مشاوره شهر اهواز مراجعه کرده‌ بودند. در این پژوهش تعداد 40 فرد دارای افسردگی از بین جامعه آماری با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و با گمارش تصادفی در گروه‌های آزمایش و گواه گمارده شدند (در هر گروه 20 فرد). گروه آزمایش مداخله واقعیت‌درمانی (گلاسر، 2013) را طی دو ماه و نیم در 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای دریافت نمودند. پرسشنامه‌های مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه افسردگی (بک و همکاران، 1996)، پرسشنامه افکارخودآیند منفی (کندال و هولون، 1980) و پرسشنامه انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی (دنیس و وندروال، 2010) بود. داده‌های حاصل از پژوهش به شیوه تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که واقعیت‌درمانی گروهی بر افکار خودآیند منفی و انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی مراجعین افسرده مراکز مشاوره تأثیر معنادار دارد (p <0/001). بدین صورت که این درمان توانسته بود منجر به بهبود کاهش افکار خودآیند منفی و بهبود انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی مراجعین افسرده مراکز مشاوره شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Group Reality Therapy on the Negative Automatic Thoughts and Psychological Flexibility of Depressed Clients at Consultation Centers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Nadaf 1
  • Tayebe Sharifi 2
  • Ahmad ghazanfari 3
  • Maryam Charami 4
1 PhD Student in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Faculty member and assistant professor of psychology, Shahrekord branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
3 Department of Psychology-Human science Faculty- Islamic Azad University Branch Shahrekord-Sahrekord-Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction and purpose: depression is among those disorders that negatively influence cognitive, psychological and emotional process of the patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of group reality therapy on the negative automatic thoughts and psychological flexibility of depressed clients at consultation centers.
Material and methods: the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group design and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the present study included clients with depression who referred to consultation centers in the autumn and winter of 2019-2020 in the city of Ahvaz. 40 people with depression were selected from the statistical population through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control group (each group of 20). The experimental group received ten ninety-minute sessions of reality therapy (Glasser, 2013) during two and half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included depression questionnaire (Beck et.al, 1996), negative automatic thoughts questionnaire (Kendal and Holon, 1980) and psychological flexibility questionnaire (Denis and Wanderwal, 2010). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA.
Findings: the results showed that group reality therapy has significant effect on the negative automatic thoughts and psychological flexibility of the depressed clients at consultation centers (p < 0.001) in a way that this therapy succeeded in improving the decrease of negative automatic thoughts and improving psychological flexibility of depressed client at consultation centers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • depression
  • negative automatic thoughts
  • psychological flexibility
  • group reality therapy

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