بررسی تأثیر نوروفیدبک آلفا بر کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان با اختلال نقص توجه و بیش‌فعالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی استثنایی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول)

3 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: اختلال نقص توجه و بیش‌فعالی سبب نقص در پردازش‌های روان‌شناختی، هیجانی و شناختی کودکان می‌شود. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر نوروفیدبک آلفا بر کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان با اختلال نقص توجه و بیش‌فعالی انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: روش پژوهش حاضر نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و دوره پیگیری دو ماهه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کودکان پسر دبستانی مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه و بیش‌فعالی در سال 1398 بودند که به کلینیک‌های روان‌پزشکی و روان‌شناسی مشهد مراجعه کرده بودند. در این پژوهش تعداد 14 کودک دبستانی مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه و بیش‌فعالی با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و با گمارش تصادفی در گروه­های آزمایش و کنترل گمارده شدند (در هر گروه 7 کودک). کودکان حاضر در گروه آزمایش به مدت 30 جلسه طی دو ماه و نیم تحت درمان نوروفیدبک قرار گرفتند. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه‌‌های اختلال نقص‌توجه و بیش‌فعالی کانرز فرم والدین و آزمون عملکرد مداوم استفاده شد. داده‌های حاصل از پژوهش به شیوه تحلیل واریانس با اندازه­گیری مکرر با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری 23SPSSتجزیه و تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که نوروفیدبک آلفا بر کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان با اختلال نقص توجه و بیش‌فعالی تأثیر معنادار دارد (p <0/001). بدین صورت که این درمان توانسته منجر به بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی این کودکان شود.
 نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، درمان نوروفیدبک با ارائه بازخوردهای زیستی و آگاهی افراد نسبت به پردازش‌های ذهنی و شناختی، می‌تواند یک درمان کارآمد جهت بهبود کارکردهای اجرایی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه و بیش‌فعالی به شمار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Alpha Neurofeedback on the Executive Functions of the Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • razieh kiani zadeh 1
  • Manaz Estaki 2
  • Fariba Hasani 3
1 PhD Student of Psychology, Tehran central branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of neuropsychology, Tehran central branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)
3 Assistant Professor, Tehran central branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and purpose: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) causes defect in the children’s psychological, emotional and cognitive processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effect of alpha neurofeedback on the executive functions of the children with ADHD.
Material and methods: the research method was quasi-experimental in pretest, posttest design with control group and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included male children with ADHD in 2020 who referred to psychiatry and psychology clinics in Mashhad. 14 primary school children with ADHD were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 7). The children in the experimental group took 30 sessions of neurofeedback therapy during two-and-a-half months. Conners’ ADHDH questionnaires, parents form, and continuous performance test were used in the current study. The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA via SPSS23 statistical software.
Findings: the results showed that alpha neurofeedback has significant effect on the executive function of the children with ADHD (p < 0.001) in a way that this therapy was able to lead to the improvement of the executive functions in these children.
Conclusion: according to the results of the present study, neurofeedback can be considered an efficient therapy to improve executive functions of the children with ADHD through offering biologic feedbacks and the people’s knowledge in mental and cognitive processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ADHD
  • executive functions
  • alpha neurofeedback

مراجع

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 63، شماره 5
آذر و دی 1399
صفحه 2914-2923

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