اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر خودشفقتی بر پرخاشگری و تاب‌آوری دانش‌آموزان دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول)

2 کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای، آسیب‌های روان‌شناختی، هیجانی و تحصیلی فراوانی برای دانش‌آموزان ایجاد می‌کند. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر خودشفقتی بر پرخاشگری و تاب‌آوری دانش‌آموزان دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر نیمه­آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل دانش‌آموزان دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 98-1397 بود. در این پژوهش تعداد 30 دانش‌آموز دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای انتخاب و با گمارش تصادفی در گروه­های آزمایش و گواه گمارده شدند (هر گروه 15 دانش‌آموز). گروه آزمایش مداخله درمان مبتنی بر خودشفقتی را طی دو و نیم ماه در 10 جلسه 75 دقیقه‌ای دریافت نمودند. پرسشنامه‌های مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه ارزیابی سلامت روان کودکان و نوجوانان، پرسشنامه پرخاشگری و پرسشنامه تاب‌آوری بود. داده‌های حاصل از پژوهش به شیوه تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که درمان مبتنی بر خودشفقتی بر پرخاشگری و تاب‌آوری دانش‌آموزان دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای تأثیر معنادار دارد (p<0/001). بدین صورت که این درمان توانسته منجر به کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش تاب‌آوری دانش‌آموزان دختر مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای شود.
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر بیانگر آن بودند که درمان مبتنی بر خودشفقتی با بهره‌گیری از فنونی همانند آموزش آگاهی از تجربیات مثبت و منفی، ایجاد تجربه‌های مثبت از طریق تجسم ذهنی، آموزش ابراز شفقت و اصلاح رفتار از طریق تقویت کننده‌های محیطی می‌تواند به عنوان یک درمان کارآمد جهت کاهش پرخاشگری و بهبود تاب‌آوری دانش‌آموزان مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of the Therapy Based on Self-Compassion on the Aggression and Resilience of Female Student with ODD

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shadi Aghaali Tari 1
  • Roghayeh Haghani 2
  • Behnoosh Nikkhah 2
1 Ma of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding Author)
2 Ma of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction and purpose: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) can bring about numerous psychological, emotional and academic damages for the students. therefore the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of the therapy based on self-compassion on the aggression and the ODD.
 Material and Methods: it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest with control group. The statistical population of the current study was the female students with ODD in the city of Tehran in the academic year 2018-19. 30 female students with ODD were selected through clustered random sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group 15 students). The experimental group received the intervention of the therapy based on self-compassion  during two-and-a-half months in ten seventy-five-minute sessions. The applied questionnaires in this study included the children and adolescents’ mental health evaluation questionnaire  and resilience questionnaire. The data from the study were analyzed through MANCOVA method.
Findings: the results showed that the therapy based on self-compassion has significant effect on the aggression and resilience of female students with ODD (p<0.001). Thus, this treatment has been able to reduce aggression and increase the resilience of female students with Oppositional Defiant Disorder.
Conclusion: findings of the present study reveal that the therapy based on self-compassion can be used as an efficient therapy to decrease aggression and improve resilience in the students with ODD employing techniques such as training awareness of positive and negative experiences, creating positive experiences through mental imagination, training expressing compassion and behavior modification through environmental reinforcers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • therapy based on self-compassion
  • aggression
  • resilience
  • ODD
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