مواجهه با ویروس کرونا براساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی: مطالعه مقطعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت،گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت،کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی ، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیارگروه بهداشت عمومی ، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی دانشکده بهداشت ، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه ، تربت حیدریه، ایران

3 استاد آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت ، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
    ویروس های کرونا (CoV) خانواده بزرگی از ویروس ها هستند که باعث آلوده شدن انسان می شوند. در حال حاضر  با وجود برخی واکسن ها هنوز مداخلات غیر دارویی یکی از گزینه های مهم جهت پیشگیری از ابتلا هستند. مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی (HBM) چارچوب مناسبی جهت بررسی رفتارهای پیشگیرانه ارائه می دهد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی واکنش های اضطرابی در مواجهه با ویروس کرونا براساس مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی انجام شده است.
روش کار:
    یک مطالعه مقطعی و آنلاین پس از تأیید COVID-19 در ایران بود. جامعه آماری این مطالعه 200 نفر از ساکنان مشهد بودند که به طور تصادفی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه آنلاین بود و روایی و پایایی آن مورد بررسی و تأیید قرار گرفت. داده ها با استفاده از SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. در توصیف داده ها ، از شاخص های میانگین ، انحراف معیار ، جداول توزیع فراوانی و نمودارها استفاده شد. داده های آماری با استفاده از آزمونهای Kolmogorov-Smirnov و Man-Whitney U ، Kruskal-Wallis و Spearman مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج:
    در این مطالعه، بین واکنش های اضطرابی با ساز های مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی رابطه معنی داری وجود دارد (  0.05 P>) ، به استثنای ساختار فواید درک شده ، که هیچ ارتباط معنی داری با واکنش های اضطرابی ندارد. رادیو و تلویزیون سیستم اصلی یادآوری هستند.
نتیجه گیری:
   نتایج نشان داد که طبق مدل HBM ، افراد وقتی احساس کنند در معرض ویروس کرونا قرار دارند رفتارهای پیشگیرانه بهتری انجام می دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Encounter corona virus based on health belief model: A cross-sectional study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahime Pourhaji 1
  • Fatemeh pourhaji 2
  • Nooshin Peyman 3
1 PhD Student in Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2 Assistant Professor,Department of Public Health, School of Health Health Sciences Research Center Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health ,Social Determinants of Health Research Center , University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective:  Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that infect humans. Despite some vaccines, non-pharmacological interventions are still an important option to prevent infection.
The Health Belief Model (HBM) provides a good framework for examining preventive behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate anxiety reactions to coronavirus based on the Health Belief Model.
 
Materials and methods:It was a cross-sectional and online study after COVID-19 approval in Iran. The statistical population of this study was 200 residents of Mashhad who were randomly studied.
The data collection tool was an online questionnaire and its validity and reliability were checked and confirmed.
Data were analyzed using SPSS. In describing the data, mean indices, standard deviation, frequency distribution tables and graphs were used.
 Statistical data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Man-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman tests.
Result:  In this study, there is a significant relationship between anxiety reactions and health belief model instruments (P> 0.05), except for the structure of perceived benefits, which has no significant relationship with anxiety reactions. Radio and television are the main system of reminders.
Conclusion:  The results showed that according to the HBM model, people perform better preventive behaviors when they feel exposed to the corona virus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety reaction
  • Coronavirus
  • Health belief model

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 64، شماره 4
مهر و آبان 1400
صفحه 3634-3641

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