اثر خودکارامدی و سرمایه های روانشناختی بر اضطراب امتحان دانش آموزان متوسطه دوم شهرستان بابل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو مقطع دکتری در رشته علوم تربیتی گرایش برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ساری، ساری، ایران

2 دکتری در رشته علوم تربیتی گرایش برنامه‌ریزی درسی، عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: اضطراب امتحان از مهمترین شاخصه ها در اختلال یادگیری دانش‌آموزان میباشد و خودکارامدی و سرمایههای روانشناختی، دانش‌آموزان را قادر می‌سازد تا علاوه بر مقابله بهتر در برابر موقیت های استرس زا، در برابر مشکلات از توان بالایی برخوردار باشند. این پژوهش با هدف مدل یابی روابط ساختاری بین خودکارامدی، سرمایه‌های روانشناختی و اضطراب تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان انجام شد.
روش بررسی: روش انجام پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری کلیه دانش‌آموزان متوسطه دوم سال تحصیلی 1398-1399در شهرستان بابل شامل 15300 دانش‌آموز بوده و تعداد نمونه آماری بر اساس فرمول کوکران، 375 نفر تعیین شد. برای سنجش متغیر خودکارامدی، سرمایه-های روانشناختی و اضطراب امتحان به ترتیب از پرسشنامه سرمایه‌های روانشناختی لوتانز و همکاران (2007) و پرسشنامه اضطراب امتحان ساراسون و مندلر (1952) استفاده شد. داده‌های پژوهش حاضر به کمک نرم‌افزارهای آماری SPSS نسخه 22 و LISREL و با استفاده از شاخص‌های آمار توصیفی، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که ضریب مسیر بین امید با اضطراب امتحان (001/0P<، 14/0- =β) منفی و معنی‌دار، ضریب مسیر بین خوشبینی با اضطراب امتحان (001/0P<، 07/0- =β) منفی و معنی‌دار، ضریب مسیر بین تاب‌آوری با اضطراب امتحان (001/0P<، 26/0- =β) منفی و معنی‌دار و ضریب مسیر بین خودکارامدی با اضطراب امتحان (001/0P<، 31/0- =β) منفی و معنی‌دار بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته های این پژوهش، خودکارامدی و مولفه‌های سرمایه روانشناختی در کاهش اضطراب امتحان دانش آموزان اثر دارد و موجب می شود تا دانش آموزان از لحاظ روانی، آمادگی مواجهه با امتحان را داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of self-efficacy and psychological capital on exam anxiety of high school students in Babol

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Roudgarian 1
  • Farshideh Zameni 2
  • Seyed esmat Rasoli 2
1 PhD student in Educational Sciences, Department of Curriculum Planning, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari, Iran
2 PhD in Educational Sciences, Curriculum Planning Faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Sari branch, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Exam anxiety is one of the most important characteristics in students' learning disabilities and psychological capital enables students to, in addition to better coping with stressful situations, in Have high power against problems. The aim of this study was to model the structural relationships between self-efficacy, psychological capital and academic anxiety of high school students in Babol.
Methods: The method of this study was correlational. The statistical population of all high school students in the academic year 1398-1399 in the city of Babol included 15,300 students and the number of statistical samples based on the Cochran's formula was 375 people who were randomly selected into clusters. To measure the variables of self-efficacy, psychological capital and test anxiety, Lutans et al.'s (2007) Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Sarason and Mendler (1952) Test Anxiety Questionnaire were used, respectively.
Results: The results showed that the path coefficient between hope and test anxiety (P <0.001, β = 0.14) was negative and significant, the path coefficient between optimism and test anxiety (P <0.001, 0.07 - = β) negative and significant, path coefficient between resilience and test anxiety (P <0.001, -0- 26.26) negative and significant and path coefficient between self-efficacy with test anxiety (P <0.001) , Β = -0.31 was negative and significant.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, self-efficacy and components of psychological capital have an effect on reducing students' exam anxiety and cause students to be psychologically prepared for the exam.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychological capital
  • self-efficacy
  • test anxiety

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 64، شماره 5
آذر و دی 1400
صفحه 4175-4185

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