ارائه یک مدل تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره مبتنی بر GIS جهت پیدا کردن مکان‌های دفع پسماندهای بیمارستانی با تکیه بر معیارهای زیست‌محیطی (مطالعه موردی: تهران، ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: انتخاب محل‌های نامناسب جهت دفع پسماندهای بیمارستانی در جنوب شرقی استان تهران، یکی از مشکلات محیط زیستی این منطقه می‌باشد که باعث بروز خسارت به محیط‌زیست و آلودگی آب‌های زیرزمینی در این منطقه شده است. ازآنجایی‌که در حال حاضر دفن پسماندها عمده‌ترین، مقبول‌ترین و اقتصادی‌ترین روش دفع در بسیاری از مناطق است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف مکان‌یابی محل دفع پسماندهای بیمارستانی در جنوب شرقی تهران انجام گرفت.
روش کار: این مطالعه از روش جدیدی برای انتخاب محل‌های دفن پسماندهای بیمارستانی در تهران که متکی بر فن تحلیل نسبت ارزیابی وزنی تدریجی (FSWARA) و سیستم فناوری اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) استفاده نمود که باعث کاهش مقایسه در جمع‌آوری نظرات کارشناسان خبره و ساده‌سازی فرآیند انتخاب گردید.
نتایج: با به‌کارگیری تکنیک دلفی فازی درنهایت 9 معیار (شیب، ارتفاع، جنس خاک، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از آب‌های سطحی، عمق آب‌های زیرزمینی، فاصله از مناطق مسکونی، فاصله از مناطق درمانی و بیمارستانی و فاصله از جاده) به‌عنوان معیارهای نهایی انتخاب شدند. سپس، وزن هر معیار به‌عنوان لایه‌های اطلاعاتی با استفاده از FSWARA در ورودی‌های سیستم GIS وارد شدند تا نقشه‌های نهایی برای پهنه‌ی مناسب محاسبه گردد که هشت مکان به‌عنوان گزینه‌های انتخابی برای دفع پسماندها انتخاب گردیدند در ادامه، مکان‌های انتخاب‌شده با استفاده از تحلیل مقایسه‌ای (تطبیقی) ایده آل-واقعی چند شاخصه (MAIRCA) رتبه‌بندی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نقطه چهارم با شیب 34 درجه، ارتفاع 1008 متر، فاصله از گسل 3 / 4841 متر، فاصله از آب‌های سطحی 8 / 4428 متر، عمق آب‌های زیرزمینی 12 متر، فاصله از مناطق مسکونی با فاصله 457 متر، فاصله از مناطق درمانی و بیمارستانی با 6 / 4749 متر، فاصله از جاده با 1598 متر به‌عنوان مناسب‌ترین مکان در بین هشت مکان تعیین‌شده برای محل دفع پسماندهای بیمارستانی انتخاب گردید. درنهایت، از روش‌های MOORA، TOPSIS و VIKOR برای مقایسه و اعتبارسنجی یافته‌ها استفاده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation a model based on multicriteria decision making-GIS for the site selection of hospital waste disposal based on environmental criteria: a case study from Tehran, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Heydari-Pirbasti 1
  • Mahmoud Modiri 2
  • Kiamars Fathi-Hafashjani 3
  • Alireza Rashidi-Komijan 4
1 PhD of student, Department of Industrial Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding Author)
3 Assistant Professor, PhD in Industrial Management, Department of Industrial Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Selection of unsuitable locations for disposal of hospital waste in the southeast of Tehran province is one of the environmental problems in this area, which has caused damage to the environment and pollution of groundwater in this area. It is the main, most acceptable and most economical method of disposal in many areas. The present study was conducted with the aim of locating the disposal site of hospital waste in the southeast of Tehran.
Methods: This study used a novel method for selecting HCW landfills in Tehran that relied on the fuzzy stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis method (FSWARA) and the geographic information technology system (GIS), which reduced comparisons in gathering expert opinions, simplified the selection process, and improved evaluation methods. The fuzzy Delphi approach was used to identify 9 criteria in the first place. The weight of each criterion was then calculated as information layers utilizing the FSWARA to produce the final maps for the relevant zones.
Results:  Following that, the selected locations were ranked using the multi-attributive ideal-real comparative analysis method (MAIRCA), and the fourth point was chosen as the most suitable of the criteria with 34-degree slope, 1008 meters high, 3.4841 meters distance from fault, 8.4428 meters distance from surface water, 12 meters groundwater depth, 457 meters distance from residential areas, 6.4749.6 meters distance from hospitals, and 1598 meters' distance.
Conclusion: Finally, use the multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA), technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and vlse kriterijumsk optimizacija kompromisno resenje (VIKOR) methodologies to compare and validate the findings' dependability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disposal Site
  • Hospital Waste
  • Location
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