نگاهی دیگر به داروهای بی حس کننده موضعی: مروری بر خاصیت ضد میکروبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد

2 گروه فارماکودینامی و سم شناسی دانشکده داروسازی مشهد

3 گروه شیمی داروئی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد

4 گروه کنترل دارو، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد

چکیده

به از دست دادن حس در منطقه محدود شده‌ای از بدن بی‌حسی موضعی گفته می‌شود. داروهای بی حس کننده موضعی می توانند باعث درمان درد در نواحی مشخص بدن، از طریق مسدود کردن کانال های سدیمی شوند. آن ها در مطالعات متعدد به عنوان عوامل ضد میکروبی نیز معرفی شده اند. در تحقیق حاضر به نقش آن ها به عنوان عوامل ضدمیکروبی و اثرات آن در درمان نگاه ویژه شده است.
با استفاده از چندین پایگاه اطلاعاتی مختلف اسامی مرتبط برای کلید واژه های ضد میکروبی تا پایان سال 2021 جستجو صورت گرفت. در ابتدا با محدود کردن جستجو، مطالعات غیر مرتبط و تکراری حذف، و پس از بررسی چکیده ها و متون کامل مناسب به تحقیق حاضر وارد شدند.
با تمرکز بر روی کاربرد ضد میکروبی داروهای بی حس کننده موضعی، تداخل با عوامل مختلف که به صورت ترکیبی با آن ها در مطالعات مختلف استفاده می شوند، و مکانیسم عمل و وابستگی ساختاری با اثرات ضد میکروبی این داروها چنین برمی آید که:
1- ساختار، غلظت، مدت زمان مواجهه، نوع میکروارگانیسم و دما بر میزان فعالیت تاثیر می گذارد.
2-ترکیباتی مانند اوپیوئیدها، آنتی بیوتیک ها و ... می توانند با آن ها ترکیب و بر روی خواص ضد میکروبی تاثیر بگذارند.
3-لیدوکایین بیشترین مطالعه ضدمیکروبی را به خود اختصاص داده است.
4- به دلیل فعالیت ضد میکروبی می توانند در بالین برای پیشگیری از عفونت محل جراحی استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Another look at local anesthetics: An overview of antimicrobial properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Kazari 1
  • Bibi Marjan Razavi 2
  • Zeinab Amiri Tehranizadeh 3
  • ‪Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz 4
1 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2 گروه فارماکودینامی و سم شناسی دانشکده داروسازی مشهد
3 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
4 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
چکیده [English]

Loss of sensation in ​​the part of the body is called local anesthesia. Local anesthetics (LAs) can treat pain in specific areas of the body by blocking sodium channels. They have also been introduced in several studies as antimicrobial agents. In the present study, special attention has been paid to their role as antimicrobial agents and their effects in treatment.
By means of several databases, related key words for antimicrobial agents were searched until the end of 2021. Initially, by restricting the search, unrelated and duplicate studies were eliminated, and after reviewing the appropriate abstracts and complete texts,, they were appended to the present study.
This study is focusing on the antimicrobial application of LAs , their interfering with various agents in combination with them, the mechanism of action, and the structural dependence on the antimicrobial effects . The following results have been perceived:
1- Structure, concentration, duration of exposure, type of microorganism and temperature affect the antimicrobial activity.
2. Compounds such as opioids, antibiotics, etc. can be combined with them and affect the antimicrobial properties.
3- Lidocaine has been studied the most and has been effective in prevention and treatment.
4- Due to their antimicrobial activity, they can be used in the clinic to prevent infection at the surgical site.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • local anesthetic
  • lidocaine
  • anti bacterial
  • bupivacaine
  • anti fungal
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