تدوین برنامه آموزشی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی و ارزیابی اثربخشی آن بر تنظیم هیجان و بازداری پاسخ در نوجوانان مبتلابه چاقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه:هدف مطالعۀ حاضر بررسی اثربخشی برنامه تدوین‌شده مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر تنظیم هیجان و بازداری پاسخ در نوجوانان مبتلا به چاقی در جمعیت ایرانی بود.
روش کار: پژوهش حاضر از نوع پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی در قالب طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این مطالعه شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان مبتلا به چاقی بود که در سال تحصیلی 99- 1398 در مدارس دولتی منطقه یک شهر تهران مشغول به تحصیل بودند که از بین آنها 50 دانش‌آموز به شیوه نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شد و با استفاده از گزینش و انصاب تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (25 نفر) و کنترل (25 نفر) قرار داده شدند. گروه کنترل به مدت 14 جلسه برنامۀ تدوین شدۀ مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی را دریافت کرد و قبل، حین و بعد از اتمام جلسات درمانی هر دو گروه کنترل و آزمایشی با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های چک‌لیست تنظیم هیجانی (فرم کودکان و نوجوانان) و آزمون رنگ – واژۀ استروپ مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که بین گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه از لحاظ تنظیم هیجان تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد (0001/0p< و 08/10 F). همچنین این دو گروه از لحاظ بازداری پاسخ تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند (0001/0p< و 25/27 F).
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش ذهن آگاهی بر پاسخ‌های روان‌شناختی، عصبی و کاهش تنش ناشی از ارزیابی اجتماعی مؤثر است. همچنین تغییر آگاهی و تمرکز در هنگام خوردن با استفاده از روش ذهن‌آگاهی در افزایش آرام بخشی و بهبود بازداری پاسخ افراد مؤثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing mindfulness based program and its efficacy on emotion regulation and inhibition of adolescent with obesity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Ramazanalizadeh 1
  • parviz sharifi Daramadi 2
  • amin rafiepoor 3
  • Mohammad Asgari 4
1 Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Psychology Department, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of program - based programs based on the planning and inhibition of responses in adolescents infected with obesity in Iranian population.
Method: the present study of the kind of experimental research was in the form of pre - test - test design with control group. The study population consisted of kidney - infected students who were studying in government schools in a Tehran city in the 99 - 99 academic year Among them were selected 50 students in the available sampling method and were tested using selection and random appointment in two experimental groups (25 persons) and control (25). The control group received a mindfulness-based program for 14 sessions and before, were assessed during and after the treatment sessions, both control and experimental groups used the Emotional Regulation Checklist Questionnaire (Children and Adolescents Form) The Stroop Color and Word Test.
The results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of emotion regulation (F = 10.08, p <0.0001). Also, these two groups had significant differences in terms of response inhibition (F = 27.25, p <0.0001).
Conclusion: Shows that mindfulness training is effective on psychological, neurological responses and stress reduction resulting from social assessment. Also, changing consciousness and concentration when eating using mindfulness method is effective in increasing relaxation and improving inhibition of people's response.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mindfulness
  • emotion regulation
  • response inhibition
  • adolescents with obesity
  1. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. Jama. 2014 Feb 26;311(8):806-14.
  2. Reilly JJ, Kelly J. Long-term impact of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence on morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood: systematic review. International journal of obesity. 2011 Jul;35(7):891-8.
  3. Daly P, Pace T, Berg J, Menon U, Szalacha LA. A mindful eating intervention: A theory-guided randomized anti-obesity feasibility study with adolescent Latino females. Complementary therapies in medicine. 2016 Oct 1;28:22-8.
  4. Wang Y, Beydoun MA, Liang L, Caballero B, Kumanyika SK. Will all Americans become overweight or obese? Estimating the progression and cost of the US obesity epidemic. Obesity. 2008 Oct;16(10):2323-30.
  5. Coblijn UK, Lagarde SM, de Raaff CA, de Castro SM, van Tets WF, Bonjer HJ, van Wagensveld BA. Evaluation of the obesity surgery mortality risk score for the prediction of postoperative complications after primary and revisional laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2016 Sep 1;12(8):1504-12.
  6. Bessesen DH, Van Gaal LF. Progress and challenges in anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology. 2018 Mar 1;6(3):237-48.
  7. O'Reilly GA, Cook L, Spruijt‐Metz D, Black DS. Mindfulness‐based interventions for obesity‐related eating behaviours: a literature review. Obesity reviews. 2014 Jun;15(6):453-61.
  8. Fernandes J, Ferreira‐Santos F, Miller K, Torres S. Emotional processing in obesity: a systematic review and exploratory meta‐analysis. Obesity Reviews. 2018 Jan;19(1):111-20.
  9. Spitoni GF, Ottaviani C, Petta AM, Zingaretti P, Aragona M, Sarnicola A, Antonucci G. Obesity is associated with lack of inhibitory control and impaired heart rate variability reactivity and recovery in response to food stimuli. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2017 Jun 1;116:77-84.
  10. Jaracz MJ, Wilkosc M, Bielinski M, Tomaszewska M, Drozdz W, Dabrowiecki S, Junik R, Tretyn A, Borkowska A. P0342-Working memory, executive function and depressive symptoms in subjects with pathological obesity. European Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;23(S2):S182-.
  11. Tan Y, Xin X, Wang X, Yao S. Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in Chinese adolescents with overweight and obesity. Childhood Obesity. 2018 Jan 1;14(1):26-32.
  12. Harrison A, Sullivan S, Tchanturia K, Treasure J. Emotional functioning in eating disorders: attentional bias, emotion recognition and emotion regulation. Psychological medicine. 2010 Nov 1;40(11):1887.
  13. Aparicio E, Canals J, Arija V, De Henauw S, Michels N. The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment. Nutrition Research Reviews. 2016 Jun;29(1):17-29.
  14. Camilleri GM, Méjean C, Bellisle F, Hercberg S, Péneau S. Association between mindfulness and weight status in a general population from the NutriNet-Santé study. PloS one. 2015 Jun 3;10(6):e0127447.
  15. Loucks EB, Nardi WR, Gutman R, Kronish IM, Saadeh FB, Li Y, Wentz AE, Webb J, Vago DR, Harrison A, Britton WB. Mindfulness-based blood pressure reduction (MB-BP): Stage 1 single-arm clinical trial. PloS one. 2019 Nov 27;14(11):e0223095.
  16. Daubenmier J, Moran PJ, Kristeller J, Acree M, Bacchetti P, Kemeny ME, Dallman M, Lustig RH, Grunfeld C, Nixon DF, Milush JM. Effects of a mindfulness‐based weight loss intervention in adults with obesity: A randomized clinical trial. Obesity. 2016 Apr;24(4):794-804.
  17. Loucks EB, Schuman-Olivier Z, Britton WB, Fresco DM, Desbordes G, Brewer JA, Fulwiler C. Mindfulness and cardiovascular disease risk: State of the evidence, plausible mechanisms, and theoretical framework. Current cardiology reports. 2015 Dec;17(12):1-1.
  18. Corsica J, Hood MM, Katterman S, Kleinman B, Ivan I. Development of a novel mindfulness and cognitive behavioral intervention for stress-eating: a comparative pilot study. Eating behaviors. 2014 Dec 1;15(4):694-9.
  19. Kabat‐Zinn J. Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: past, present, and future. Clinical psychology: Science and practice. 2003 Jun;10(2):144-56.
  20. Adler E, Dhruva A, Moran PJ, Daubenmier J, Acree M, Epel ES, Bacchetti P, Prather AA, Mason A, Hecht FM. Impact of a mindfulness-based weight-loss intervention on sleep quality among adults with obesity: data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2017 Mar 1;23(3):188-95.
  21. Wagner EE, Rathus JH, Miller AL, Baer R. Mindfulness in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for adolescents. Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician’s guide to evidence base and applications. 2006:167-89.
  22. Shields A, Cicchetti D. Emotion regulation among school-age children: the development and validation of a new criterion Q-sort scale. Developmental psychology. 1997 Nov;33(6):906.
  23. Reis AH, Oliveira SE, Bandeira DR, Andrade NC, Abreu N, Sperb TM. Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC): Preliminary studies of cross-cultural adaptation and validation for use in Brazil. Temas em psicologia. 2016 Mar;24(1):97-116.
  24. Molina P, Sala MN, Zappulla C, Bonfigliuoli C, Cavioni V, Zanetti MA, Baiocco R, Laghi F, Pallini S, De Stasio S, Raccanello D. The Emotion Regulation Checklist–Italian translation. Validation of parent and teacher versions. European Journal of Developmental Psychology. 2014 Sep 3;11(5):624-34.
  25. Esmaeilyan N, Dehghani M, Fallah S. Investigating the psychometric properties of children and adolescents' emotional regulation checklist. Achievements of Clinical Psychology, 2017; 2 (1): 34-15
  26. Parsons TD, Carlew AR. Bimodal virtual reality stroop for assessing distractor inhibition in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2016 Apr 1;46(4):1255-67.
  27. Karimi AliAbad M, Kafi M, Farhi H. Evaluation of executive functions of patients with bipolar disorder. Cognitive Science News. 2011; 12 (2): 29-39
  28. Noorian L, Aghaei A, Ghorbani M. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on emotional eating in obese women. Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, 2016; 16 (2 (60), 15-23.
  29. Mousavian N, Moradi A, Mirzaei J, Shidfar F, Mahmoudi B, Taheri F. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing obesity. Thought and Behavior in Clinical Psychology (Thought and Behavior), 2011; 4 (16): 49-58.
  30. Conner CM, White SW. Brief report: Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of individual mindfulness therapy for adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2018 Jan;48(1):290-300.
  31. Farb N, Anderson A, Ravindran A, Hawley L, Irving J, Mancuso E, Gulamani T, Williams G, Ferguson A, Segal ZV. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depressive disorder with either mindfulness-based cognitive therapy or cognitive therapy. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 2018 Feb;86(2):200.
  32. Sizoo BB, Kuiper E. Cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness based stress reduction may be equally effective in reducing anxiety and depression in adults with autism spectrum disorders. Research in developmental disabilities. 2017 May 1;64:47-55.
  33. Key BL, Rowa K, Bieling P, McCabe R, Pawluk EJ. Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy as an augmentation treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 2017 Sep;24(5):1109-20.
  34. Fanaei S, Sajjadian A. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the experimental avoidance of overweight and obese people. Behavioral Science Research, 2017; 14 (2): 146-153.
  35. Parsons CE, Crane C, Parsons LJ, Fjorback LO, Kuyken W. Home practice in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of participants' mindfulness practice and its association with outcomes. Behaviour research and therapy. 2017 Aug 1;95:29-41.
  36. Alsubaie M, Abbott R, Dunn B, Dickens C, Keil TF, Henley W, Kuyken W. Mechanisms of action in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in people with physical and/or psychological conditions: a systematic review. Clinical psychology review. 2017 Jul 1;55:74-91.
  37. Kabat-Zinn J. Participatory medicine. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV. 2000 Jul 1;14(4):239-40.
  38. Lovas DA, Schuman-Olivier Z. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Journal of affective disorders. 2018 Nov 1;240:247-61.
  39. Mander J, Blanck P, Neubauer AB, Kröger P, Flückiger C, Lutz W, Barnow S, Bents H, Heidenreich T. Mindfulness and progressive muscle relaxation as standardized session‐introduction in individual therapy: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of clinical psychology. 2019 Jan;75(1):21-45.