تدوین پروتکل طرحواره درمانی برای کاهش اضطراب کودکان 8 تا 13 سال و مقایسه‌ی اثربخشی آن با درمان شناختی ـ رفتاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی ، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قم، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی ، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قم ، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول)

3 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی ، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قم ، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه
اضطراب اصطلاح کلی است که به دو مفهوم مجزا یعنی عوامل اضطراب‌‌زا (ویژگی‌های محیطی یا افکاری که واکنش ناخوشایندی در فرد ایجاد می‌کنند) و فشار (واکنش ناخوشایند فرد به عوامل اضطراب‌زا) اطلاق می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف کاهش اضطراب در کودکان انجام شد
روش کار
روش مطالعه، نیمه آزمایشی و با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه بود. نمونه‌ی آماری این پژوهش شامل 31 نفردانش‌آموزان 8 تا 13 ساله‌ در یک مدرسه دوشیفته در منطقه‌ی یک شهرستان قم در سال 1398 هستند که در 3 گروه به مدت 4 ماه مورد ازمون قرار گرفتند. پس از اتمام جلسات پس آزمون نیز بعد از 4 ماه ازمون پیگیری انجام شد . گروهها شامل گروه دانش‌آموزان دارای نشانگان اضطراب با رویکرد طرحواره‌درمانی ، گروه دانش‌آموزان دارای نشانگان اضطراب با رویکرد درمان شناختی ـ رفتاری و گروه گواه که هیچ درمانی را دریافت نکردند در نظر گرفته شد که نمونه های آزمایشی به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب و وارد پژوهش ‌شدند. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه‌ی مصور طرحواره دوسلدف برای کودکان (DISC) 2017) و مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس فرم ولدین(SCAS (1977) استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر در نرم‌افزار SPSS-23 استفاده شده است.
نتایج
یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین نمره‌ی پیش‌آزمون ، پس‌آزمون و مرحله پیگیری، اضطراب در گروه طرحواره‌درمانی و نیز در گروه درمان شناختی ـ رفتاری تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد؛ همچنین نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که بین میانگین نمره‌ی اضطراب در بین اعضای سه گروه تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (P<0/05).

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Develop a schema therapy protocol to reduce anxiety in children aged 8 to 13 years and compare its effectiveness with cognitive-behavioral therapy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nafise Habibian 1
  • Hasan Mirzahoseini 2
  • Nader Monirpoor 3
1 PhD student General Psychology , Department of Psychology, Qom Branch , Islamic Azad University,Qom ,Iran.
2 Assistant Professor ، Department of Psychology , Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. )Corresponding author(
3 Associate Professor ، Department of Psychology , Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Anxiety is a general term that refers to two separate concepts, namely anxiety-causing factors (environmental features or thoughts that cause an unpleasant reaction in a person) and pressure (a person's unpleasant reaction to anxiety-causing factors). The present study was conducted with the aim of reducing anxiety in children
Materials and method
The study method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical sample of this research includes 31 students aged 8 to 13 years old in a two-shift school in a district of Qom in 2018, who were tested in 3 groups for 4 months. After the completion of the post-test sessions, a follow-up test was conducted after 4 months. The groups included the group of students with anxiety symptoms with the schema-therapy approach, the group of students with anxiety symptoms with the cognitive-behavioral therapy approach and the control group that did not receive any treatment. They were randomly selected and included in the study. In this research, Doseldev Schema Illustrated Questionnaire for Children (DISC) 2017) and Spence Form Veldin Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS (1977)) were used. Data analysis was done using analysis of variance with repeated measures in the software SPSS-23 was used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety
  • schema therapy
  • children
  • cognitive behavior

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 64، شماره 3
مرداد و شهریور 1400
صفحه 1451-1468

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