مقایسه افسردگی و اضطراب بیماران مبتلا به ام اس، دیابت، روماتیسم مفصلی و نارسایی کلیوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی، واحد بروجرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بروجرد، ایران.

2 گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه
بیماری مزمن یکی از شایع‎ترین مشکلات در جامعه امروزی است که هزینه‎های درمانی سنگینی را به بار می‎آورد و اثرات منفی بر عملکرد فرد می‎گذارد و مسائل روانشناختی یکی از مهمترین عوامل در تشدید و تداوم مزمن است. این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه افسردگی و اضطراب بیماران مبتلا به ام اس، دیابت، روماتیسم مفصلی و نارسایی کلیوی انجام شد.
روش کار
روش این پژوهش از نوع پس رویدادی و علی مقایسه‎ای بود. از جامعه 568 نفری بیماران مزمن (ام اس، دیابت، روماتیسم مفصلی و نارسایی مزمن کلیوی) مراجعه کننده به مراکز درمانی شهرستان خرم آباد (انجمن بیماران ام اس، مرکز دیابت، مرکز تخصصی روماتولوژی و بیمارستان شهدای عشایر) با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس 120 بیمار انتخاب شدند (هر گروه از بیماران ام اس، دیابت، روماتیسم مفصلی و نارسایی مزمن کلیوی شامل 30 نفر بود). روش اجرا بدین ترتیب بود که بعد از هماهنگی با مسئولان مراکز درمانی و بیماران، پرسشنامه افسردگی و اضطراب (لاویبوند و باویبوند، 1995) روی بیماران اجرا شد. برای تحلیل از روش ناپارامتریک کروسکال والیس و یومان-ویتنی با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 به تحلیل یافته­ها پرداخته شد.
نتایج
مقادیر به دست آمده برای آماره Z مربوط به مقایسه افسردگی بیماران دیابتی با سایر بیماران معنی­دار است.همچنین تفاوت بین بیماران نارسایی کلیوی و ام اس در افسردگی معنی­دار است (005/0≥p). بدین ترتیب وضعیت افسردگی بیماران روماتیسم مفصلی و نارسایی کلیوی از بقیه بیماران بالاتر است سپس بیماران ام اس و دیابت در رتبه­های بعدی قرار دارند. مقایسه اضطراب نیز نشان می­دهد که بیماران نارسایی کلیوی، روماتیسم، ام و اس و دیابت به ترتیب بالاترین اضطراب را دارند.
نتیجه‌گیری
در کنار مداخلات پزشکی، پیشنهاد می­شود با مداخلات روانشناختی و آموزش مهارت­های زندگی، به سلامت روان و کاهش افسردگی و اضطراب بیماران مزمن توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of depression and anxiety in patients with MS, diabetes, rheumatism, and renal failure

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Darvishi Bodagh 1
  • Hasanali Veiskarami 2
1 Department of Psychology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Chronic disease is one of the most common problems in today's society, which incurs heavy treatment costs and has negative effects on a person's performance, and psychological issues are one of the most important factors in chronic exacerbation and continuation. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing depression and anxiety in patients with MS, diabetes, rheumatism, and renal failure.
Method: The method of this research was post-event and causal comparative. From the community of 568 chronic patients (MS, diabetes, rheumatism and chronic renal failure) referring to the treatment centers of Khorram Abad city (MS patient’s association, diabetes center, rheumatology specialized center and Shahadai Ashair hospital) using sample method. 120 patients were selected (each group of patients with MS, diabetes, rheumatism, and chronic renal failure included 30 people). The implementation method was as follows, after coordinating with the officials of the medical centers and the patients, the depression and anxiety questionnaire (Lavibond and Bavibond, 1995) was implemented on the patients. For the analysis, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Yeoman-Whitney methods were used to analyze the findings using SPSS version 21 software.
Results: The values obtained for the Z statistic related to the comparison of depression of diabetic patients with other patients are significant. Also, the difference between renal failure and MS patients in depression is significant (p≤0.005). Thus, the depression status of patients with rheumatism and renal failure is higher than other patients, then MS and diabetes patients are in the next ranks. The comparison of anxiety also shows that patients with renal failure, rheumatism, MS and diabetes have the highest anxiety respectively.
Conclusion: In addition to medical interventions, it is suggested to pay attention to mental health and reduce depression and anxiety of chronic patients with psychological interventions and life skills training.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • chronic disease
  • depression
  • anxiety

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
دوره 64، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 6
بهمن و اسفند 1400
صفحه 4382-4389

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